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  • ISBN : 9791191111545
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¡´Critic¡µ

Poetry of Emotional Sympathy and Positivism
- Son Hae-il
(Poet, Doctor of Literature, Professor, 35th Chief Director of PEN)

[1] Preface
Congratulations on the publication of Lee Su-dal¡¯s 3rd poetry collection, ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ. This collection, published in Korean and English translations, has an exceptional significance of taking one step towards a global communication. The title, ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ, is brought directly from the poet¡¯s name, creating a humor. A distinguished feature of this collection is that most poems are arousing a sense of sympathy with the nature or everyday poetic objects, and using allegorical personification to empathize with the subjects. Given that a literary work is ¡®the poet¡¯s reflection,¡¯ it can be said that the overall mood of this collection is positive and hopeful.
If we divide the poetic techniques into two groups, ¡®spoken¡¯ and ¡®shown,¡¯ this collection consists mostly of ¡®spoken¡¯ poems. Lee Su-dal¡¯s works are short, up-to-point, and readable. The collection is subdivided into four parts, ¡°Rice in the Peaceful Land,¡± ¡°When the Royal Azalea Blooms,¡± ¡°Love Song of a Broad Rock,¡± and ¡°Sudal¡¯s Whisper.¡±

[2] The Sense of Sympathy and Empathy with the Poetic Objects
A sense of sympathy is aroused through the poetic technique of ¡®Allegory.¡¯ Allegory, a type of a metaphor, is a personification method which gives an object a secondary meaning underneath its surface meaning. ¡´Aesop¡¯s Fables¡µ is a typical example of an allegory. Let¡¯s take a look at Lee Su-dal¡¯s ¡´The Trumpet Creeper Lady¡µ.

Your lips are/ as moist as the breast of the Moon/ I wish to lay my lips on yours//
The thin flower stalk/ bears full buds/ playing the coquette/
want to live in the ripe garden/ where she desperately waits for me/ Will she accept my unrequited love?//

- ¡´The Trumpet Creeper Lady¡µ

Here, the narrator presumes the trumpet creeper to be a lady and deeply sympathizes with it. On the surface level, a trumpet creeper is a flower. On the secondary level, it is a lady whom the narrator loves, with ¡°lips as moist as the breast of the Moon,¡± and whose ¡°thin flower stalk bears full buds, playing the coquette.¡± The narrator asks a question, whether the lady will accept his unrequited love and longing to live with her in the ripe garden.

The season of the summer guest/ raising her voice/ She¡¯s the messenger of summer//
Who else, melting the scorching sun/ has a high pitch like hers?/ Whose voice is as wondrous as hers?//
Along with her voice/ the summer grains ripen//

- From ¡´The Summer Guest, Cicada¡µ

The poet compares the cicada to the ¡°messenger of summer,¡± and praises her, ¡°who else, melting the scorching sun has a high pitch like hers?¡± ¡°Along with her voice, the summer grains ripen.¡± He is personifying the cicada as a woman, communicating through another allegory.

Bloom, oh bloom/ The yellow forsythia blooms//
Like a young, innocent girl/ Blooms its yellow flower//
Looks like the first snow today/ What should I do with that thoughtless girl?//
How will the young, yellow flower/ bear the frosty night?//

- From ¡´The Forsythia Girl¡µ
¡´The Forsythia Girl¡µ is another allegory personifying a forsythia flower as a girl. The poet worries about the yellow forsythia which blooms on the cold day of first snow, like an innocent girl. ¡°What should I do with that thoughtless girl?¡± ¡°How will the young, yellow flower bear the frosty night?¡±

Where the white snow melted/ A blue shepherd¡¯s purse has arrived//
The lady of spring has come/ A blue shepherd¡¯s purse//
Still wearing/ the thick winter¡¯s clothes//
One blade, two blades, hold her in my arms/ to feel her fresh scent//
Mix her with ripe dwenjang/ and simmer it gently on the heat//
Into my deep abyss/ I welcome the lady of spring//

- From ¡´Shepherd¡¯s Purse Soup¡µ

In ¡´Shepherd¡¯s Purse Soup¡µ, the poet personifies shepherd¡¯s purse as the ¡®lady of spring.¡¯ Where the white snow melted, ¡®a blue shepherd¡¯s purse¡¯ has come, and the narrator holds the lady in thick winter clothes in his arms, feeling her fresh scent. ¡°Mix her with ripe dwenjang¡± to cook shepherd¡¯s purse soup and ¡°into my deep abyss, I welcome the lady of spring.¡±

The early spring of Gaji Mountain/ Did you have an affair with Jogae Mountain?// The sorrowful Shinbul Mountain/ Drops its mournful tears//
The agitated clouds/ need urgent cooling down/ That¡¯s when the snowflakes flutter/ Soothing them with the winter mountain//

- ¡´Spring in Gaji Mountain¡µ

When spring arrives in Gaji Mountain, the sorrowful Shinbul Mountain drops its tears, suspecting Gaji Mountain¡¯s affair with Jogae Mountain. The clouds comfort Gaji Mountain with the wind, snowflakes, and the winter mountain. Here, all subjects; Gaji Mountain, Shinbul Mountain, clouds, snowflakes, and winter mountain, possess emotions like human.

The furious waves/ are deep wrinkles/ on my mother¡¯s face//
The calm sound of sea/ is the warmth of my mother¡¯s face//
The wide, wide sea/ is my mother¡¯s heart spread out//
The sound of crashing waves/ is the laughter of joy I share with my family//
When I was lonely and sad/ you held and embraced me//
You bring fresh air to my frustrated heart/ You are a boundless ocean//
You stroke my pain and sorrow/ I heartily call you, my mother

- ¡´The Sea Calls it Mother¡µ

In ¡´The Sea Calls in Mother¡µ, the poet compares the sea to a human. ¡°The furious waves are deep wrinkles on my mother¡¯s face.¡± ¡°The calm sound of sea is the warmth of my mother¡¯s face.¡± ¡°The wide, wide sea is my mother¡¯s heart spread out.¡± ¡°The sound of crashing waves is the laughter of joy I share with my family.¡± When the narrator was lonely and sad, the sea held and embraced him in its arms. Therefore, the narrator is heartily calling the sea ¡®mother.¡¯

The saint¡¯s face/ lingers in my mind//
The bare persimmon tree I met yesterday/ Blushing hot with a scarlet face//
The sweet body/ Her coquette of hanging on the tree/ Shimmers in front of my eyes//
I could do nothing but to look at her/ But before the magpie steals her/ How I wish to pick her!//

- ¡´Ripe Persimmon¡µ

Here, a ripe persimmon is personified as a ¡®saint.¡¯ The persimmon, hanging on the bare tree, tempts the narrator with a red, sweet body. And the scene lingers in the narrator¡¯s mind. It is the narrator¡¯s monologue that he ¡°wishes to pick her before the magpie steals her.¡±

[3] Optimistic Satire of Society and Pun
On top of that, Lee Su-dal utilizes satires and puns using ordinary, every-day objects. A satire usually criticizes the society sharply, but those used in this poetry collection is rather moderate and optimistic. Another literary device found throughout the collection is a pun. It is an effective device to create both a satire and humor.
Examples of such poems are ¡´The Paean of Life¡µ, ¡´Rice in the Peaceful Land¡µ, ¡´Blanket¡µ, ¡´A Dangerous Thought¡µ, ¡´Adjusting the Jacket of Life¡µ, ¡´Ode to Time¡µ, ¡´Stamp Workout¡µ, ¡´Wife¡µ, ¡´A Contented Dinner Table¡µ, ¡´Pioneers, Working Women¡µ, ¡´Mother¡µ, ¡´Pyebaek¡µ, ¡´A Holiday For You¡µ, ¡´Closing the Year¡µ, ¡´Corner Store¡µ, ¡´Yielding¡µ, ¡´The Thought of Labor¡µ, and ¡´An Old Laborer¡µ, etc. Let¡¯s look through some of them.
£¿
Pick a quarrel with a friend/ And a bottle returns//
Pick a quarrel with the bottle/ And a glass returns//
Pick a quarrel with the glass/ A pair of chopsticks returns//
Pick a quarrel with the chopsticks/ Appetizers return//
Pick a quarrel with the appetizers/ A slap on the cheek returns//

- ¡´Dicipline of Drinking 101¡µ

¡´Dicipline of Drinking 101¡µ is a satire about Koreans¡¯ drinking culture. Like a game of word chain, it starts with quarreling with a friend, and continues on to bottle-glass- chopsticks-appetizers-and a slap on the cheek, which is a common scene of drinking in Korea.

Is this star yours/ Or is that star yours?//
The star moving from east to west/ Is it the farewell star?//
The star that floats on new year¡¯s day/
On the last day of the month//
The old moon and stars/ say good-bye to one another//
Welcoming the new year/ Greeting new stars and moon//

- ¡´Farewell of the Stars¡µ
¡´Farewell of the Stars¡µ begins with asking a question, ¡°Is this star yours? Or is that star yours?¡± The poem itself is a pun, as the Korean word ¡®Yi-byeol¡¯ has two meanings; ¡®farewell¡¯ and ¡®this star.¡¯ The conclusion of this poem is to say farewell to the old things and welcome the ¡®new star,¡¯ ¡®new day,¡¯ which shows the poet¡¯s optimism.

Yellow, red, blue, rainbow/ Huddled together in a beautiful order//
The order of returning home/ From top to bottom, bottom to top/ It¡¯s hard to find the way home//
When one child runs away from home/ I search everywhere in the neighborhood//
If lost forever/ I find another child, like two peas in a pod/ and adopt him as my son//

- From ¡´Button¡µ

¡´Button¡µ is a satirical poem that personifies ¡®buttons.¡¯ The rainbow colors are huddled together in a beautiful order. When one of the buttons runs away from home, the narrator searches ¡°everywhere in the neighborhood.¡± If lost forever, he finds another child and adopt it as a new child.

On top of the city/ the dusk fell/ Streetlight climbs along the mountain path//
When a child cries in hunger/ The mother¡¯s calming voice sounds exhausted//
Underneath that resting streetlight/ The warmth in the shower of rain/ The scent of alcohol wets the old shoes//
Waiting for another labor in the morning/ Busy footsteps look for a place to rest/ The half moon lights up the path of the slum//

- From ¡´Slum¡µ

¡´Slum¡µ is a poem that portrays a tiring day of a slum. It depicts how Lee Su-dal, the poet, expands his interest from his own life to the life of the poor living in a slum.
¡°When a child cries in hunger/ The mother¡¯s calming voice sounds exhausted.¡±

When I awake in the morning/ Yes, I¡¯m alive!//
I thank the spirits of night/ for giving me another day//
I thank myself/ for surviving another night//
Let¡¯s light a fire of passion again/ Let¡¯s tend the garden of life//
Let¡¯s live a life/ that gives happiness to you and me//
Till the day of abundant twilight/ Let¡¯s not waste today//

- ¡´The Paean of Life¡µ

¡´The Paean of Life¡µ represents poet Lee Su-dal¡¯s optimistic view of life. He thanks the spirits of night for giving him another day. And he invites the readers to live a life that gives happiness to you and me. ¡°Till the day of abundant twilight/ Let¡¯s not waste today.¡±

Life is about coming with bare hands/ and returning with a bare body//
Let¡¯s understand and care for one another/ Let¡¯s help and smile along//
Life is too short/ just to enjoy//
In the cold wave/ A frosty face is unsightly//
When spring brings warmth along/ and trees draw up water/ When flower buds bloom//
My life will once again/ broaden its shoulders up//

- ¡´Adjusting the Jacket of Life¡µ

¡´Adjusting the Jacket of Life¡µ is written in line with ¡´The Paean of Life¡µ. It shows Lee Su-dal¡¯s optimistic and hopeful view of life. Though life is about ¡®coming empty and returning empty,¡¯ the poet invites us to understand and help each other. The message is that since life is so short, we should not quarrel, but enjoy our life. It says that when spring brings warmth, and trees draw up water, our life broadens its shoulders, too.

The time is so fast/ Someone, please seize the time/....../
To live a fruitful life/ Let¡¯s fill our day with a positive mind//
Positive thoughts and positive actions/ can definitely change our lives//
Start your day with a bright smile/ and it will be a joyful day//

- From ¡´Ode to Time¡µ

¡´Ode to Time¡µ is another work of Lee Su-dal which confirms his view of life and optimistic character.

[4] Conclusion
So far, we walked through the outlook on Lee Su-dal¡¯s 3rd poetry collection, ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ. The first distinct character of this collection is that it focuses on ¡®spoken¡¯ poems that are short and readable. Second, it creates a sense of sympathy with the poetic objects through allegory and personification. Third, it includes satire of the society, but does it in a positive, hopeful manner rather than sharp critics. I send my sincere hope for poet Lee Su-dal that the publication of ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ could help him advance more and broaden his world as a poet. Again, congratulations on issuing the 3rd poetry collection.harp critics. I send my sincere hope for poet Lee Su-dal that the publication of ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ could help him advance more and broaden his world as a poet. Again, congratulations on issuing the 3rd poetry collection.

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2023. 07. 17.
Á×ÆÄ ÀÌ ¼ö ´Þ µå¸²

Writer¡¯s Words



The stream that I waded through,
where I used to catch minnow as a boy,
remains unchanged.

Yet, the scenery of my hometown,
along with the current of time,
has lost its antiquity.
Polluted clay and water flow in its place.

As a young man,
I would eat my evening meal
and open up a page of a novel
under the faint light.
I would finish the last line of the book
and cuddle in my covers.
At dawn, I would walk to industrial sites,
where I sweated my sweat of youth.

As I look back,
that was the time
when Korea made great advancements
and stepped up to be
what it is today.

As a school boy,
I would indulge myself with books.
Among all, ¡®The Old Man and the Sea¡¯
(English/Korean translated version)
by Hemingway captured my heart.

The old man sailed out to sea
and caught a fish.
While he sailed back home,
a shark gnawed off the fish that was
hanging on the side of the boat.
The book frankly talks about
the old man¡¯s feelings,
which left me a strong impression.

Printing a translated poetry collection,
I wish with all my heart
that it could help the readers
to adopt the English language.

I send my word of gratitude to
Professor Jiyul, Lee Jeong-rok
for devoting his time
to supervise and guide me through
the publication of ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ.

Also, I would like to express my
sincere thanks to the editing team of
Saemmoon, to the translator,
and Doctor Son Hae-il for the critic.

Last but not least, a special word for my loving family who support me at always.
I wish to share this joy with you.

Thank you to my fellow writers,
friends, and all my close acquaintances.

Please send your support and love towards my 3rd poetry collection, ¡´Sudal¡¯s Whisper¡µ Thank you, everyone.

2023. 07. 17.
Sincerely, Jukpa Lee Su-dal

¸ñÂ÷

Sudal¡¯s Whisper/¼ö´ÞÀÌ ÈÖÆĶ÷ ¼Ò¸®

À̼ö´Þ Á¦3½ÃÁý

¿©´Â ±Û ¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤ 4
Writer¡¯s Words ¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤ 6
Æò¼³ ¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤ 8
Poetry of Emotional Sympathy and Positivism ¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤¡¤ 15

Á¦1ºÎ ¹°¹ä Ä¡¼¼
Part 1 Rice in the Peaceful Land

Á¦1ºÎ ¹°¹ä Ä¡¼¼
Part 1 Rice in the Peaceful Land
´É¼ÒÈ­ ¿©ÀÎ 30
The Trumpet Creeper Lady
»îÀÇ Âù°¡ 32
The Paean of Life
¹°¹ä Ä¡¼¼ö½á¦ 34
Rice in the Peaceful Land
¿©¸§ ¼Õ´Ô, ¸Å¹Ì 36
The Summer Guest, Cicada
¼Õ¼ö°Ç 38
Handkerchief
³«¿± 40
The Foliage
ÀÌºÒ 42
Blanket
¹«·æ»ê¾Æ µ¿Ãµ°­¾Æ 44
Muryong Mountain, Dongcheon River
¸Â¾Æ Á×À» »ó»ó 46
A Dangerous Thought
¿ÁÁ¤È£ 48
Lake Okjeong
¼­±ÛÇÂ »õÇØ 50
A Moody New Year
°Ü¿ïºñ 52
The Winter Rain
³ÃÀ̱¹ 54
Shepherd¡¯s Purse Soup
¿©¿î°ú ¾Æ½¬¿òÀÇ Ã¶ÇÐ 56
The Philosophy of Resonance and Regret
»îÀ» ¿©¹Ì¸ç 58
Adjusting the Jacket of Life
ÇØÀå±¹ 60
Haejangguk
È渶¼úñÐ 62
The Drink of Dark Magic
À½ÁÖÇÐ °³·Ð 64
Discipline of Drinking 101
´ÜÃß 66
Button
ÀÚÈ­»ó 68
Self Portrait

Á¦2ºÎ ¿¬´Þ·¡ ÇÊ ¶§Âë
Part 2 When the Royal Azalea Blooms

°³³ª¸® ¼Ò³à 72
The Forsythia Girl
°¡Áö»êÀÇ º½ 74
Spring in Gaji Moutain
¼¼¿ù°¡á¦êÆÊ° 76
Ode to Time
±¸¸§ 78
Cloud
¾ó±¼ 80
Face
²Þ 82
Dream
ºó¹ÎÃÌ 84
Slum
½ºÅÛÇÁ ¿îµ¿ 86
Stamp Workout
¸¶´©¶ó 88
Wife
»ç¶û 90
Love
¿¬´Þ·¡ ÇÊ ¶§Âë 92
When the Royal Azalea Blooms
±¸¸§ 94
Cloud
Á¦ºñÁý 96
A Swallow¡¯s Nest
µ¿º´»ó·Ã 98
Sympathy
¼öÈ­¸² 100
Soohwarim
ÇູÇÑ Àú³á ½Ä»ç 102
A Contented Dinner Table
¼±°¢ÀÚ, ¿©¼º³ëµ¿ÀÚ 104
Pioneers, Working Women
ó¼¼ 106
The Philosophy of Living
¾î¸Ó´Ï 108
Mother
¹Ù´Ù´Â ¾î¹Ì¶ó ºÎ¸¥´Ù 110
The Sea Calls it Mother
ÀáÀÚ¸®ÀÇ ±³¸¸ 112
The Arrogance of a Dragonfly

Á¦3ºÎ ³Ê·°¹ÙÀ§ ¿¬°¡
Part 3 Love Song of a Broad Rock

¿ìüÅë 116
The Postbox
°¡À»³¯ ¼­Á¤ 118
Lyrics of Autumn
¾ß»ý µ¿¹° 120
Wild Animal
Æó¹é»ó 122
Pyebaek
±¹¹ä 124
Gukbap
°í¸ñ³ª¹« 126
The Old Tree
´ç½ÅÀÇ ¸íÀý 128
A Holiday For You
Ȕ 130
È«½Ã 132
Ripe Persimmon
³Ê·°¹ÙÀ§ ¿¬°¡ 134
Love Song of a Broad Rock
Ä£±¸Ç¥ »ç°ú 136
Apples From My Friend
ù´« 138
First Snow
Ã¥°¥ÇÇ 140
Bookmark
ÇÑ Çظ¦ º¸³»¸ç 142
Closing the Year
º°µéÀÇ À̺° 144
Farewell of the Stars
Ȳ´çÇÑ ²Þ 146
A Nonsense Dream
Á¤Ç¥ 148
Token
ºÎºÎ½Î¿ò 150
Lovers¡¯ quarrel
º½¸ÂÀÌ 152
Spring Greeting
°³±¸¸® ÇÕâ 154
Frog Choir

Á¦4ºÎ ¼ö´ÞÀÌ ÈÖÆĶ÷ ¼Ò¸®
Part 4 Sudal¡¯s Whisper

Á¡»§ 158
Corner Store
º½ º´¾î 160
Spring Butterfish
¾çº¸ 162
Yielding
º½³¯ ¸Á»óØÍßÌ 164
Spring Delusions
¼ö´ÞÀÌ ÈÖÆĶ÷ ¼Ò¸® 166
Sudal¡¯s Whisper
°áÈ¥ ³¯ 168
Wedding Day
³ëµ¿ÀÇ »ý°¢ 170
The Thought of Labor
¾Ö±â ¿°¼Ò 172
A Baby Goat
¿Ê°ÉÀÌ ¸ø 174
A Hanger Nail
È£±¹¿µ·ÉÀÇ ´Þ, À¯¿ù 176
June, the Month of Memorial
´« ¶á ºÀ»çÀÇ »î 178
Life of a Blind
ÇÑ¿©¸§ 180
Midsummer
´ÄÀº ³ëµ¿ÀÚ 182
An Old Laborer
ȍȚ 184
Meditation
¾Æ³»ÀÇ ÈÞ°¡ 186
Wife on a Holiday
½Å¹ß 188
Shoes

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