2024년 작업치료 개념서 07-해부생리학, 공중보건학 해부생리학 CHAPTER 1 인체의 개요 _13 1.1 해부학의 역사 ········································································· 15 1.2 해부학 용어 ············································································ 15 1.3 몸의 구조적 단계 ··································································· 18 1.4 몸안 ························································································ 19 1.5 세포 ························································································ 20 1.6 조직 ························································································ 32 1.7 기관 ························································································ 37 1.8 체액 ························································································ 38 CHAPTER 2 발생과 성장 _39 2.1 발생 ························································································ 41 2.2 성장 ························································································ 43 CHAPTER 3 뼈대계통 _45 3.1 뼈의 분류 ··············································································· 47 3.2 뼈의 성분 및 구조 ································································· 48 3.3 뼈의 기능 ··············································································· 49 3.4 뼈의 발생 ··············································································· 50 3.5 뼈의 성장 ··············································································· 50 3.6 뼈의 개수 ··············································································· 51 CHAPTER 4 관절계통 _85 4.1 분류 ························································································ 87 4.2 관절의 운동 ············································································ 91 4.3 부위에 따른 관절 ··································································· 92 CHAPTER 5 근육계통 _103 5.1 근육조직 ··············································································· 105 5.2 얼굴 근육 ·············································································· 115 5.3 목 근육 ················································································· 116 5.4 척추 및 등근육····································································· 118 5.5 팔의 근육 ·············································································· 120 5.6 손 근육 ················································································· 123 5.7 가슴 근육 ·············································································· 124 5.8 배 근육 ················································································· 125 5.9 골반부위 근육 ······································································· 126 5.10 넙다리 근육 ········································································ 127 5.11 종아리 근육 ········································································ 128 5.12 발 근육 ··············································································· 129 5.13 가로막 ················································································· 130 CHAPTER 6 신경계통 _133 6.1 중추신경계통 ········································································· 135 6.2 말초신경계 ············································································ 136 6.3 신경세포(신경원) ··································································· 136 6.4 중추신경계통 ········································································· 141 6.5 말초신경계통 ········································································· 162 CHAPTER 7 감각계통 _173 7.1 외피 ······················································································ 175 7.2 안구 ······················································································ 178 7.3 평형과 청각 ·········································································· 184 CHAPTER 8 순환계통 _189 8.1 혈액 ······················································································ 191 8.2 면역 ······················································································ 193 8.3 혈액응고 ··············································································· 194 8.4 심장 ······················································································ 195 8.5 혈관 ······················································································ 203 8.6 태아순환 ··············································································· 215 8.7 림프계통 ··············································································· 216 CHAPTER 9 호흡계통 _221 9.1 코 ·························································································· 224 9.2 후두 ······················································································ 227 9.3 기관 ······················································································ 230 9.4 기관지 ··················································································· 231 9.5 허파 ······················································································ 231 9.6 가슴막 ··················································································· 234 9.7 가슴세로칸 ············································································ 235 9.8 호흡조절 ··············································································· 235 9.9 산소해리곡선 ········································································· 236 9.10 이상호흡 ·············································································· 236 9.11 허파의 용량과 용적 ···························································· 237 CHAPTER 10 소화계통 _239 10.1 입안 ···················································································· 242 10.2 치아 ···················································································· 243 10.3 침샘 ···················································································· 244 10.4 인두 ···················································································· 245 10.5 식도 ···················································································· 246 10.6 위 ························································································ 247 10.7 작은창자 ·············································································· 249 10.8 큰창자 ················································································· 253 10.9 간 ························································································ 255 10.10 쓸개 ·················································································· 258 10.11 이자 ·················································································· 259 10.12 복막 ·················································································· 261 CHAPTER 11 비뇨계통 _263 11.1 콩팥 ···················································································· 265 11.2 요관 ···················································································· 273 11.3 방광 ···················································································· 273 11.4 요도 ···················································································· 274 11.5 오줌 ···················································································· 275 11.6 콩팥 산？염기 조절 ···························································· 275 CHAPTER 12 생식계통 _277 12.1 남성생식기관 ······································································· 279 12.2 여성생식기관 ······································································· 283 CHAPTER 13 내분비계통 _291 13.1 호르몬 ················································································· 294 13.2 뇌하수체 ·············································································· 295 13.3 솔방울샘 ·············································································· 298 13.4 가슴샘 ················································································· 298 13.5 갑상샘 ················································································· 299 13.6 부갑상샘 ·············································································· 300 13.7 부신 ···················································································· 301 13.8 이자 ···················································································· 303 13.9 난소와 고환 ········································································ 304 13.10 태반 ·················································································· 306 13.11 콩팥 ·················································································· 307 13.12 심장 ·················································································· 307 13.13 위 ㆍ 장관 ············································································ 307 CHAPTER 14 영양과 대사 _309 14.1 탄수화물 ·············································································· 311 14.2 지방 ···················································································· 312 14.3 단백질 ················································································· 312 14.4 무기물질 ·············································································· 313 14.5 비타민 ················································································· 314 14.6 대사율 ················································································· 317 14.7 기초대사율 ·········································································· 317 14.8 산？염기 평형 ···································································· 318 14.9 체온과 체열 ········································································ 318 14.10 수분 ·················································································· 319 참고문헌 _321 공중보건학 CHAPTER 1 공중보건학 총론 _325 1.1 건강과 질병 ·········································································· 327 1.2 공중보건학 ············································································ 329 CHAPTER 2 역학 및 질병관리 _339 2.1 역학 ······················································································ 341 2.2 감염병 관리 ·········································································· 348 2.3 급 ㆍ 만성감염병 관리 ····························································· 379 2.4 비감염성질환 관리 ································································ 402 2.5 기생충질환 관리 ··································································· 409 CHAPTER 3 보건관리 _419 3.1 보건행정 ··············································································· 421 3.2 사회보장 ··············································································· 434 3.3 인구보건 ··············································································· 445 3.4 산업보건 ··············································································· 451 3.5 보건교육 ··············································································· 470 3.6 학교보건 ··············································································· 477 3.7 모자보건 ··············································································· 481 3.8 정신보건 ··············································································· 488 3.9 노인보건 ··············································································· 492 CHAPTER 4 보건통계 _495 4.1 보건통계의 개념 ··································································· 497 4.2 통계자료의 처리방법 ···························································· 499 4.3 통계공식 ··············································································· 503

머리말 작업치료 분야는 그 어떤 영역보다 광범위하고 다차원적인 분야이다. 의학, 심리학, 사회학 등 인간 관련 다영역적 학문으로 매우 다양하고 복합적 성격을 지닌 학문이다. 국내 작업치료 역사는 한국전쟁을 시작으로 이미 반세기가 지났으며, 매우 다양한 분야로 진출하고 있다. 반면, 국내 작업치료의 교육 현실은 예전보다 많이 발전하였으나 전공 교육과정에 필요한 교재는 여전히 부족한 상태이며, 이로 인해 국가시험을 준비해야 하는 재학생들에게 큰 부담이 되고 있다. 이에 본 교재는 부족한 교육과정을 보충하고 중요한 내용들을 요약정리하므로 보다 쉽게 작업치료사 국가고시를 준비할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 최근 국가시험은 보다 전문적이고, 과학적이며, 다양한 문제들이 출제되는 경향을 보이고 있다. 과거 출간된 서적들 대부분이 암기형 문제 풀이식으로 구성되어 있어 국가시험을 준비하는 학생들에게 큰 도움을 주지 못했던 반면, 본 서적은 다양한 분야의 실기형ㆍ 사례형 문제들을 탑재하는 동시에 풍부한 해설을 통해 체계적이고, 논리적 학습이 가능하도록 편집하였다. 본 교재는 학생들의 이해도를 높이기 위해 구체적이고, 보다 체계적인 해설과 매뉴얼을 제공하고 있으며, 실전 문제와 같은 문제들을 통해 국시 및 임상대비 능력을 극대화하고자 하였다. 국시에 필요한 전공과목의 체계적인 정리는 학생들 스스로 학습이 가능하도록 하였으며, 출제 비중이 높은 이론과 실기, 그에 따른 해설을 통해 학생들의 학습효과를 극대화하여 국가시험에 대한 자신감을 높여주고자 한다. 작업치료사 국가시험을 준비하는 모든 학생들에게 등대와 같은 교재가 되기를 희망하며… 2024년 4월 작업치료 국시연구회