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중고등학교 미술 교사가 될 사범대학교, 미술대학, 교육대학원 학생들과 현장에 근무하고 있는 미술 교사를 위해서 만든 ‘미술’과 ‘미술 교육’의 이론서다.

본서의 구성 영역은 미술교육 이론, 미술과 교육과정, 조형론, 서양 회화론, 전통 회화론, 조소, 서예 ㆍ 전각, 판화, 색채학, 디자인, 공예, 동양 미술사, 중국 미술사, 동양 화론, 한국 미술사, 한국 현대 미술사, 서양 미술사, 현대 미술사, 뉴 미디어 아트, 미학, 미술 감상과 비평 등의 장르와 영역을 구체적으로 구분하여 편성되어 있다.

또한, 본서는 중등 미술 임용고시의 특성에 맞춰서 미술교육의 학자별 재이론, 동시대 미술교육의 경향, 사회 참여 양상, 사회 정서 이론, 서구 미술사학과 예술론, 조형론 등의 개념들을 백과사전적으로 총망라하여 편성한 책이다.

목 차
Contents

Part 01 ｜ 미술교육의 이해
CHAPTER 01
미술교육과 교육론 ·····································12
01 미술교육의 필요성 ···································· 12
02 미술교육이론의 특성 ································ 14

CHAPTER 02
미술교육의 역사 ·········································16
01 미술교육의 역사 ········································ 16
1. 서양에서 미술교육의 기원 ····························16
2. 산업혁명과 미술교육 ·····································20

02 현대 미술교육의 역사 ······························ 24
1. 표현기능중심 미술교육 ·································24
2. 창의성중심 미술교육(표현주의적 미술교육론) ·····34
3. 낭만주의적 교육관에 근거한 개별 학자의 이론····44
4. 이해중심 미술교육 ·········································48
5. Neo-DBAE ···················································62
6. 시각문화 미술교육(VCAE) ·······························64
7. 포스트모더니즘과 미술교육 ··························84
8. 다문화 미술교육(multi cultural art education) ··········88
9. 구성주의와 미술
10. 다중지능이론 - 아트프로펠(Art-PROPEL, 1980)··········98
11. 감성지능과 미술교육 ·································102
12. 뇌 과학과 미술교육 ····································103

CHAPTER 03
사회 참여 미술교육 ·································104
1. 동시대 미술에 나타난 사회 참여 양상 ·······104
2. 사회 참여 미술교육의 이론적 토대 ············107
3. 커뮤니티 중심의 미술교육(Community-Based ArtEducation) ······108
4. 미술 교육의 생태학적 접근 방안 ················109
5. 사회 정서 학습(SEL, Social and Emotional of Leaning)·················109

CHAPTER 04
미술교육 발달 이론 ··································110
01 어린이 미술을 보는 여러 가지 관점 ······ 110
1. 일반적으로 보는 관점 ··································110
2. 심리학적 구분 관점 ·····································112

02 어린이 미술표현 및 감상 발달 ··············· 114
1. 로웬펠드(V. Lowenfeld)의 발달단계와 주요 특징····················114
2. 버트(Cyril Burt)의 발달단계 ·····························122
3. 디 프란체스코(De Francesco)의 미술표현의 발달 단계 ·····································123
4. 게이츠켈(Gaitskell), 후르비츠(Hurwitz), 데이(Day)의 미술표현 발달단계 ·················124
5. 루켄스(H. T. Lukens)의 감상능력 발달단계 ·····125
6. 파슨스(Parsons)의 발달단계 ··························126
7. 미적 발달이론 비교 ·····································127
8. 미술표현의 유형 ··········································127
9. 가드너(Gardner)의 미적 발달체계 ·················128

CHAPTER 05
박물관·미술관 교육이론 ························130
1. 박물관·미술관 교육의 원리 ·······················130
2. 박물관 교육이론 ···········································131
3. 감상 지도와 미술관 교육 ·····························136

CHAPTER 06
미술비평이론 ···········································140
01 비평 교육과 수용미학 ···························· 140
02 미술비평의 유형(1) ································· 141
03 파노프스키(E. Panofsky)의 미술사 방법론··········································· 146
04 하르트만(N. Hartmann)의 예술작품의 존재구조····································· 147
05 현대 미술비평의 유형(2) ······················· 148
06 수용미학(Aesthetics of reception) ··················· 154
07 우리나라의 미술교육 ····························· 156

Part 02｜ 교육과정(Curriculum)
CHAPTER 01
우리나라 미술과 교육과정의 변천 ··········162
01 2007년 미술과 내용 체계 부분 수정 ··· 164
02 2009년 개정 교육과정 ························· 165
03 교육과정 변천(2022년 개정 포함) ················· 165

CHAPTER 02
교수·학습 방법 ······································168
01 2022년 개정 미술과 교육과정 중학교 미술 교수·학습 방법 ······························· 170
02 교수·학습 방법 ········································ 174

CHAPTER 03
평가 ··························································184
01 바람직한 평가관 ····································· 184
02 평가 유형 ················································· 184
03 수행평가 - 여러 가지 수행평가의 유형과 특징 ···· 186
04 2022년 개정 미술과 교육과정 중학교 미술 평가 ················································· 194

Part 03｜ 미술표현의 이해
CHAPTER 01
서양회화 ··················································200
01 회화의 기본 ············································ 200
02 미술 재료 ················································· 214
03 회화의 분류 ············································· 216
04 회화의 종류 ············································ 250

CHAPTER 02
조소 ··························································266
1. 조소의 기초 ··················································266
2. 조소의 분류 ··················································267
3. 조소의 재료 ··················································271
4. 조소의 표현요소와 원리 ······························272
5. 소조 ·······························································276
6. 조각 ·······························································282
7. 구축 ·······························································283
8. 현대 조소 ······················································284

CHAPTER 03
판화 ··························································290
1. 판화의 역사와 특징 ······································290
2. 볼록판화 ·······················································292
3. 오목판화 ·······················································300
4. 평판화 ···························································308
5. 공판화 ···························································316

CHAPTER 04
전통회화 ··················································324
1. 전통회화의 특성 ···········································324
2. 전통회화의 종교별 차이 ······························324
3. 소재에 따른 분류 ··········································325
4. 전통회화의 재료 및 기법 ·····························334
5. 전통회화의 표현기법 ····································342
6. 산수화 - 산수화의 주요 주제 ·····················359
7. 낙관과 제발, 표구 ········································361
8. 회화의 품등 ··················································362
9. 기록화 ···························································363

CHAPTER 05
서예·서각·전각 ····································366
01 서예 이론 ················································ 366
02 서각 ························································· 394
03 전각 ························································· 395

CHAPTER 06
사진·영상 ···············································402
01 사진 ························································ 402
02 영상 ························································ 406

CHAPTER 07
색채학 ·······················································416
01 색채학 기본 이론 ···································· 416
02 색의 표시 ················································· 418
03 색의 효과 ················································ 424
04 색채 조화와 배색 ··································· 436
05 색채 조화의 응용 ··································· 444
06 예술과 색채 ············································ 446

CHAPTER 08
디자인의 역사 ·········································450
1. 미술공예운동 이전의 디자인 ·······················451
2. 미술공예운동(1860~1910) ·····························452
3. 아르누보(Art Nouveau, 1890~1910) ··················454
4. 19세기~20세기 건축 ···································462
5. 기능주의 디자인(1900~1930) - 모던 디자인, 기계 중심 미학 ··················464
6. 유기적 디자인 ···············································477
7. 1950년대 이후 ·············································478
8. 반(反)디자인 운동 ··········································482

CHAPTER 09
시각디자인 ···············································492
01 시각디자인 개요 ···································· 492
02 일러스트레이션 ····································· 503
03 타이포그래피 ········································· 504
04 편집디자인 ·············································· 510
05 광고디자인 ·············································· 514
06 포장디자인 ············································· 526
07 멀티미디어 디자인 ································ 530
08 아이덴티티 디자인 ································ 552

CHAPTER 10
전시·환경·새로운 개념·제품 디자인 ···558
01 전시·환경 디자인 ··································· 558
02 새로운 개념의 디자인 ··························· 564
03 제품(산업, 공업) 디자인 ······························ 574

CHAPTER 11
공예 ·························································600
01 금속공예 ·················································· 601
02 칠보공예 / 철공예 ································· 624
03 도자공예 ················································· 632
04 목공예 ····················································· 650
05 나전칠기 ················································· 660
06 화각공예 ················································· 662
07 초고공예(草藁工藝) ···································· 663
08 섬유공예(염색, 직조, 날염, 텍스타일, 패션) ······· 664
09 지공예 ····················································· 680
10 유리공예 ················································· 684

머리말
Contents

미술 교육은 학생들로 하여금 그들을 둘러싸고 있는 세계에 관심을 가지도록 하는데 미술 교육의 목표가 있습니다.

본서는 중고등학교 미술 교사가 될 사범대학교, 미술대학, 교육대학원 학생들과 현장에 근무하고 있는 미술 교사를 위해서 만든 ‘미술’과 ‘미술 교육’의 이론서입니다.

본서의 구성 영역은 미술교육 이론, 미술과 교육과정, 조형론, 서양 회화론, 전통 회화론, 조소, 서예 ㆍ 전각, 판화, 색채학, 디자인, 공예, 동양 미술사, 중국 미술사, 동양 화론, 한국 미술사, 한국 현대 미술사, 서양 미술사, 현대 미술사, 뉴 미디어 아트, 미학, 미술 감상과 비평 등의 장르와 영역을 구체적으로 구분하여 편성되어 있습니다.

또한, 본서는 중등 미술 임용고시의 특성에 맞춰서 미술교육의 학자별 재이론, 동시대 미술교육의 경향, 사회 참여 양상, 사회 정서 이론, 서구 미술사학과 예술론, 조형론 등의 개념들을 백과사전적으로 총망라하여 편성한 책입니다.

한편, 학문의 입문은 기초가 중요합니다. 따라서 초학자들을 위한 도서는 쉽고 평이하면서도 내용은 깊이가 있어야 하며 학문연구에 대한 관심을 점차적으로 심화시키는데 도움을 주어야 한다는 점을 상기하며 구성된 책이기도 합니다.

또한, 각 대학과 교육대학원의 미술이론 관련 학과에서 강의 중인 미술이론이 잘 정리되어 있어서 미술교육학과, 교육대학원생들의 학문 경지를 넓혀 주는 필독 도서의 역할을 지향하고 있습니다.

특히 현행 중등 교원 임용시험 제도와 기출문제의 경향에 제시된 핵심 내용을 최대한 반영하였으며, 그러한 내용의 기반이 되는 중요 도서와 사전, 논문 등을 충실히 반영하였습니다.

1. 중등 교원 임용시험의 평가 영역 및 평가 내용 요소에 해당하는 중요 영역별 핵심 이론을 모두 반영하였다.
2. 교과 교육학의 최근 이론과 사상 및 미술과 교육과정을 모두 포함하였다.
3. 미술의 특성상 시각적 게시물과 미술 작품 등은 모두 칼라 형식으로 제시하여 내용에 대한 이해와 분석에 더욱 최적의 효과를 추구하였다.
4. 영역별 중요 이론의 핵심 문장과 함께 심층 내용을 동시에 수록하여 기초학습자라도 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 관련 내용을 편성하였다.

중등 교사 임용시험제도는 서술형에서 선택형으로 다시 서술형으로, 매년 조금씩 개정되어가면서 점점 미술교과 지식의 전문화를 요구하고 있습니다. 이로 인해 수험생들은 여러 권의참고도서를 읽어야 하고, 수 많은 이론을 이해, 암기해야 하는 어려운 입장에 놓이게 되었습니다. 또한 시험 문제의 난이도와 출제 경향이 늘 예측하기 어렵도록 불규칙하게 제시되기 때문에 어느 영역에서 어느 부분이 출제될 수 있을 지 수험생 입장에서는 판단하기 어려워졌습니다.

본서는 그러한 문제가 요구하는 요점을 명료하게 제시하고, 평이하면서도 깊이 있는 내용을 수록 하려고 하였습니다.

“성의정심(誠意正心)”

자신의 뜻을 진실되게(성의) 하여 마음을 바로 정하는 것(정심). 성의와 정심은 사서 중의 하나인 「대학」에서 밝힌 대학의 도를 실천하는 팔조목에 속합니다.

팔조목에서는 자신을 수양하려고(수신) 하는 사람은 먼저 자신의 마음을 바로 잡고(정심), 자신의 마음을 바로 잡으려는 사람은 먼저 자신의 뜻을 진실되게 하여야 하고(성의), 자신의 뜻을 진실 되게 하려는 사람은 먼저 지식을 넓혀야 하고(치지) 지식을 넓히고자 하는 사람은 먼저 사물에 관해 궁구하여야 한다(격물)고 하였습니다.

본서와 함께하는 모든 분들의 행복을 기원합니다.

2024. 1월
양현재(養賢齋)에서 정 샘.