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Introduction
by Wolfgang Reinhard 3
1. Empires and Frontiers in Continental Eurasia
by Peter C. Perdue
Introduction 55
1. China 58
2. Russia 108
3. Central Eurasia 134
4. Japan 150
5. Korea 178
6. Vietnam 194
7. Comparisons, Connections, and Convergences 209
2. The Ottoman Empire and the Islamic World Suraiya Faroqhi
Introduction 221
1. Geography and Resources 225
2. Administration of the Ottoman Empire 230
3. Ottoman Society 262
4. The Ottomans and the World Beyond 287
5. Safavid Iran 329
3. South Asia and the Indian Ocean Stephan Conermann
Introduction 391
1. South Asia 400
2. The Indian Ocean from the Fourteenth to the Sixteenth Century 474
3. The Indian Ocean from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century 510
4. South Asia and the Indian Ocean in the First Half of the Eighteenth Century 544
4. Southeast Asia and Oceania Reinhard Wendt and Jürgen G. Nagel
Introduction 555
1. Space and Culture 556
2. Contacts and Interactions 609
3. Mainland and Maritime Southeast Asia 644
4. Connections to Japan and China 696
5. Oceania 717
5. Europe and the Atlantic World Wolfgang Reinhard
Introduction 739
1. Atlantic Africa 743
2. Latin Europe 771
3. The New Atlantic Worlds 858
Notes 943
Selected Bibliography 1049
Contributors 1123
Index 1125

Between 1350 and 1750--a time of empires, exploration, and exposure to radically different lands and cultures--the world reached a tipping point of global connectedness. In this volume of the acclaimed History of the World series, noted international scholars examine five critical geographical areas during this pivotal period: Eurasia between Russia and Japan; the Muslim world of the Ottoman and Persian empires; Mughal India and the Indian Ocean trading world; maritime Southeast Asia and Oceania; and a newly configured transatlantic rim. While people in many places remained unaware of anything beyond their own village, an intense period of empire building led to expanding political, economic, and cultural interaction on every continent--early signals of a shrinking globe.

By the early fourteenth century Eurasia's Mongol empires were disintegrating. Concurrently, followers of both Islam and Christianity increased exponentially, with Islam exerting a powerful cultural influence in the spreading Ottoman and Safavid empires. India came under Mughal rule, experiencing a significant growth in trade along the Indian Ocean and East African coastlines. In Southeast Asia, Muslims engaged in expansion on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and the Philippines. And both sides of the Atlantic responded to the pressure of European commerce, which sowed the seeds of a world economy based on the resources of the Americas but made possible by the subjugation of Native Americans and the enslavement of Africans.