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힌디어 핵심 동사 100

다른 언어의 경우와 마찬가지로 힌디어도 상당수의 일부 동사들은 다양한 의미를 표현하는 능력을 갖고 있습니다. 오랜 세월 사용되면서 이 동사들은 본래 의미 외에 본래 의미에서 확장된 유사 의미들과 비유적 의미들까지 표현 대상에 담을 수 있게 되었습니다. 흥미롭게도 이와 같은 의미확장의 범위와 방식은 우리말의 것과 흡사한 경우를 많이 볼 수 있습니다.
이 책은 힌디어에서 사용 빈도가 높은 동사 중에서 100개를 선정하여 뜻풀이 하고 각 의미에 해당하는 예문들을 준비하였습니다. 약간의 긴장을 위해 사이사이에 연습문제도 마련하였습니다. 이 책을 통해 힌디어의 표현능력을 늘리고 나아가 힌디어 공부에 한층 더 재미를 느낄 수 있기를 바랍니다.

책을 내면서 ····························································· 5

1과 ??????·························································17
2과 ??? ····························································19
3과 ???? ····························································23
4과 ???? ····························································25
5과 ????? ····························································29
6과 ????? ··························································32
7과 ????? ··························································35
8과 ????? ··························································37
9과 ???? ····························································40
10과 ???? ···························································43
연습문제 I ······························································46

11과 ????? ··························································55
12과 ???? ····························································58
13과 ?????? ··························································60
14과 ????? ···························································62
15과 ????? ··························································65
16과 ????? ··························································68
17과 ???? ·····························································71
18과 ????? ···························································73
19과 ?????? (???????)··············································76
20과 ????? ···························································79
연습문제 II ······························································82

21과 ????? ···························································91
22과 ????? ·························································94
23과 ???? ···························································97
24과 ????? ························································· 100
25과 ????? ························································· 102
26과 ?????? ························································· 105
27과 ????? ························································· 107
28과 ???? ··························································· 110
29과 ?????? ························································ 112
30과 ???? ························································· 115
연습문제 III ··························································· 118

31과 ????? ························································ 127
32과 ????? ························································ 129
33과 ???? ·························································· 132
34과 ?????? ························································ 135
35과 ????? ························································· 138
36과 ????? ························································ 140
37과 ????? ························································· 143
38과 ????? ·························································· 146
39과 ??????? ·························································· 148
40과 ?????? ························································· 150
연습문제 IV ··························································· 153

41과 ???? ························································· 161
42과 ????? ························································· 163
43과 ???? ··························································· 166
44과 ?????? ························································· 169
45과 ????? ························································· 171
46과 ????? ························································· 173
47과 ?????? ······················································ 175
48과 ?????? ······················································· 178
49과 ???? ························································· 181
50과 ????? ·························································· 184
연습문제 V ··························································· 187

51과 ????? ·························································· 195
52과 ????? ························································ 198
53과 ?????? ························································ 200
54과 ???? ··························································· 203
55과 ????? ························································· 206
56과 ???? ··························································· 209
57과 ????? ························································· 212
58과 ???? ························································· 214
59과 ????? ························································· 216
60과 ???? ························································· 219
연습문제 VI ··························································· 221

61과 ???? ························································· 229
62과 ????? ·························································· 231
63과 ????? ························································ 233
64과 ???? ·························································· 235
65과 ???? ························································· 238
66과 ???? ·························································· 241
67과 ?????? ························································· 244
68과 ????? ························································· 246
69과 ????? ·························································· 248
70과 ????? ························································· 251
연습문제 VII ·························································· 254

71과 ???? ·························································· 263
72과 ????? ························································ 266
73과 ????? ························································· 268
74과 ????? ························································· 271
75과 ???? ·························································· 273
76과 ?????? ························································· 276
77과 ????? ························································· 278
78과 ????? ························································· 281
79과 ????? ························································ 284
80과 ????·························································· 287
연습문제 VIII ·························································· 290

81과 ???? ·························································· 299
82과 ????? ························································· 302 8
3과 ???? ··························································· 304
84과 ???? ························································· 306
85과 ????? ························································· 310
86과 ???? ·························································· 313
87과 ????? ························································ 315
88과 ????? ························································· 317
89과 ???? ··························································· 319
90과 ????? ························································· 323
연습문제 IX ··························································· 325

91과 ??????? ······················································ 333
92과 ???? ························································· 336
93과 ???? ·························································· 338
94과 ????? ························································ 340
95과 ????? ························································· 342
96과 ????? ························································ 344
97과 ???? ·························································· 346
98과 ????? ·························································· 348
99과 ???? ·························································· 350
100과 ???? ··························································· 352
연습문제 X ···························································· 355

참고 문헌 ····························································· 361

힌디어의 재귀대명사 ‘자신의’에 -가 붙어 파생한 단어로서 ‘자신의 것으로 하다’의 의미를 일차적으로 갖는다. 더불어 ‘인정하다’, ‘받아들이다’, ‘받아주다’, ‘채택하다’, ‘삼다’, ‘입양하다’ 등의 확장된 의미들을 표현할 수 있다.

1. 인정하다, 받아들이다
ㆍ아쇼까 황제가 불교를 받아들였었다.
ㆍ단지 결혼을 위해 이슬람교를 받아들이는 것은 이슬람에 대한 모욕이다.
ㆍ자신의 종교를 버리고 다른 어떤 종교를 받아들이는 것은 쉽지 않다.

2. 자신의 것으로 삼다, 받아주다
ㆍ당신이 나를 한번 받아주고 봐보세요!
ㆍ당신이 진심으로 나를 받아주셨어요, 대단히 감사합니다.
ㆍ아버지께서 화나 있었다, 그러나 이제 그분이 나를 받아주셨다.

3. 취하다, 채택하다
ㆍ너는 (무언가에 대한 맹세를 이루고자) 몇 가지 음식에 대하여 단식을 택해 놓았니
ㆍ직장을 얻을 때까지 나는 많이 지출하지 않겠다는 맹세를 택해 놓겠다.
ㆍ당신은 날씬해지기 위해 어떤 방법을 취하세요
ㆍ비자를 위해 각 나라들이 각각의 규칙들을 채택한다.

4. 입양하다
ㆍ그 부부가 고아 아이들 세 명을 입양했다.
ㆍ나의 누이를 어릴 적에 삼촌께서 입양하셨었다.
ㆍ수슈미따가 여자애 두 명을 입양했었다.