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Preface
About the Authors
How to Use This Book
1 Principles of Limit State Design
1.1 Design Philosophies for Steel Structures
1.2 Considerations in Limit State Design
1.3 Material Behavior of Structural Steels
1.4 Strength Member Types for Steel-Plated Structures
1.5 Types of Loads
1.6 Basic Types of Structural Failure
1.7 Fabrication-related Initial Imperfections
1.8 Age-related Structural Degradation
1.9 Accident-induced Damage
1.10 Ultimate Limit State Design Format

2 Buckling and Ultimate Strength Behavior of Plate-Stiffener Combinations: Beams, Columns and Beam-Columns
2.1 Structural Idealizations of Plate-Stiffener Assemblies
2.2 Geometric and Material Properties
2.3 Modeling of End Conditions
2.4 Loads and Load Effects
2.5 Effective Breadth/Width of Attached Plating
2.6 Plastic Cross-sectional Capacities
2.7 Ultimate Strength of Beams
2.8 Ultimate Strength of Columns
2.9 Ultimate Strength of Beam-Columns
2.10 Ultimate Strength of Plate-Stiffener Combinations and Their Design Considerations
2.11 Axial Stress-Strain Relationships of Beam-Columns

3 Elastic and Inelastic Buckling of Plates under Complex Circumstances
3.1 Fundamentals of Plate Buckling
3.2 Geometric and Material Properties
3.3 Loads and Load Effects
3.4 Boundary Conditions
3.5 Linear Elastic Behavior
3.6 Elastic Buckling of Simply Supported Plates under Single Types of Loads
3.7 Elastic Buckling of Simply Supported Plates under Two Load Components
3.8 Elastic Buckling of Simply Supported Plates under More than Three Load Components
3.9 Elastic Buckling of Clamped Plates
3.10 Elastic Buckling of Elastically Restrained Plates
3.11 Effect of Welding-induced Residual Stresses
3.12 Effect of Lateral Pressure
3.13 Effect of Openings
3.14 Elastic-Plastic Buckling
3.15 Computer Software ALPS/BUSAP

4 Post-Buckling and Ultimate Strength Behavior of Plates
4.1 Fundamentals of Plate Collapse Behavior
4.2 Geometric and Material Properties
4.3 Loads and Load Effects
4.4 Fabrication-related Initial Imperfections
4.5 Boundary Conditions
4.6 Ultimate Strength by Gross Yielding
4.7 Nonlinear Governing Differential Equations of Plates
4.8 Elastic Large-deflection Behavior
4.9 Ultimate Strength
4.10 Post-ultimate Behavior
4.11 Effect of Openings
4.12 Effect of Age-related Structural Degradation
4.13 Computer Software ALPS/ULSAP

5 Elastic and Inelastic Buckling of Stiffened Panels and Grillages
5.1 Fundamentals of Stiffened Panel Buckling
5.2 Geometric and Material Properties
5.3 Loads and Load Effects
5.4 Boundary Conditions
5.5 Fabrication-related Initial Imperfections
5.6 Linear Elastic Behavior
5.7 Overall Buckling Versus Local Buckling
5.8 Elastic Overall Buckling
5.9 Elastic Local Buckling of Plating between Stiffeners
5.10 Elastic Local Buckling of Stiffener Web
5.11 Elastic Local Buckling of Stiffener Flange
5.12 Lateral-Torsional Buckling of Stiffeners
5.13 Elastic-Plastic Buckling
5.14 Computer Software ALPS/BUSAP

6 Post-buckling and Ultimate Strength Behavior of Stiffened Panels and Grillages
6.1 Fundamentals of Stiffened Panel Collapse Behavior
6.2 Classification of Panel Collapse Modes
6.3 Modeling of Stiffened Panels
6.4 Nonlinear Governing Differential Equations of Stiffened Panels
6.5 Elastic Large-deflection Behavior after Overall Grillage Buckling
6.6 Elastic Large-deflection Behavior after Local Plate Buckling
6.7 Ultimate Strength
6.8 Post-ultimate Behavior
6.9 Computer Software ALPS/ULSAP

7 Ultimate Strength of Plate Assemblies: Plate Girders, Box Columns/Girders and Corrugated Panels
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Ultimate Strength of Plate Girders
7.3 Ultimate Strength of Box Columns/Girders
7.4 Ultimate Strength of Corrugated

8 Ultimate Strength of Ship Hulls
8.1 Fundamentals of Hull Girder Collapse
8.2 Hull Girder Loads
8.3 Basic Properties of Ship Hull Cross-sections
8.4 Progressive Collapse Behavior of Ship Hulls
8.5 Closed-form Ultimate Hull Girder Strength Design Formulations
8.6 Computer Software ALPS/USAS

9 Impact Mechanics and Structural Design for Accidents
9.1 Fundamentals of Structural Impact Mechanics
9.2 Load Effects Due to Impact
9.3 Material Constitutive Equation of Structural Steels under Impact Loading
9.4 Collapse Strength of Beams under Impact Lateral Loads 359
9.5 Collapse Strength of Columns under Impact Axial Compressive Loads
9.6 Collapse Strength of Plates under Impact Lateral Pressure Loads
9.7 Collapse Strength of Stiffened Panels under Impact Lateral Loads
9.8 Crushing Strength of Thin-walled Structures
9.9 Tearing Strength of Plates and Stiffened Panels
9.10 Numerical Simulation for Structural Impact Mechanics
9.11 Some Considerations for the Quasi-Static Approximation
9.12 Application to Ship Collision and Grounding Accidents

10 Fracture Mechanics and Ultimate Strength of Cracked Structures
10.1 Fundamentals of Fracture Mechanics
10.2 Basic Concepts for Fracture Mechanics Analysis
10.3 More on LEFM and the Modes of Crack Extension
10.4 Elastic-Plastic Fracture Mechanics
10.5 Fatigue Crack Growth Rate and its Relationship to the Stress Intensity Factor
10.6 Ultimate Strength of Cracked Structures under Monotonic Extreme Loading

11 A Semi-analytical Method for the Elastic-Plastic Large-deflection Analysis of Plates under Combined Loading
11.1 Features of the Method
11.2 Analysis of Elastic Large-deflection Behavior
11.3 Application to the Elastic Large-deflection Analysis of Simply Supported Plates
11.4 Treatment of Plasticity
11.5 Computer Software ALPS/SPINE

12 The Nonlinear Finite Element Method
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Solution Procedures for Nonlinear Problems
12.3 Features of the Plastic Node Method
12.4 Formulation of Nonlinear Rectangular Plate-Shell Element
12.5 Computer Software NATS

13 The Idealized Structural Unit Method
13.1 Features of the Method
13.2 ISUM Modeling Strategies for Steel-plated Structures
13.3 Procedure for Development of the ISUM Units
13.4 The ISUM Beam-Column Unit
13.5 The ISUM Rectangular Plate Unit for Analysis of Ultimate Strength
13.6 The ISUM Rectangular Plate Unit for Analysis of Collision and Grounding Mechanics
13.7 The ISUM Stiffened Panel Unit for Analysis of Ultimate Strength
13.8 The ISUM Stiffened Panel Unit for Analysis of Collision and Grounding Mechanics
13.9 The ISUM Gap/Contact Unit
13.10 Treatment of Dynamic/Impact Load Effects
13.11 Computer Software ALPS/ISUM

App. A.1 How to Download the Computer Programs Presented in This Book
App. A.2 Source Listing of the FORTRAN Computer Program CARDANO
App. A.3 SI Units
App. A.4 Density and Viscosity of Water and Air
Index

Steel plated structures are important in a variety of marine and land-based applications, including ships, offshore platforms, power and chemical plants, box girder bridges and box girder cranes. The basic strength members in steel plated structures include support members (such as stiffeners and plate girders), plates, stiffened panels/grillages and box girders. During their lifetime, the structures constructed using these members are subjected to various types of loading which is for the most part operational, but may in some cases be extreme or even accidental. Ultimate Limit State Design of Steel Plated Structures reviews and describes both fundamentals and practical design procedures in this field. The derivation of the basic mathematical expressions is presented together with a thorough discussion of the assumptions and the validity of the underlying expressions and solution methods. Particularly valuable coverage in the book includes: Serviceability and the ultimate limit state design of steel structural systems and their components The progressive collapse and the design of damage tolerant structures in the context of marine accidents Age related structural degradation such as corrosion and fatigue cracks Furthermore, this book is also an easily accessed design tool which facilitates learning by applying the concepts of the limit states for practice using a set of computer programs which can be downloaded. In addition, expert guidance on mechanical model test results as well as nonlinear finite element solutions, sophisticated design methodologies useful for practitioners in industries or research institutions, selected methods for accurate and efficient analyses of nonlinear behavior of steel plated structures both up to and after the ultimate strength is reached, is provided. Designed as both a textbook and a handy reference, the book is well suited to teachers and university students who are approaching the limit state design technology of steel plated structures for the first time. The book also meets the needs of structural designers or researchers who are involved in civil, marine and mechanical engineering as well as offshore engineering and naval architecture.