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“This remarkable book will establish itself as the most significant work on the Park period.”―Stephan Haggard, Graduate School of International Relations and Pacific Studies, University of California San Diego

“Park emerges in these essays as a remarkably skillful politician, and the political dimensions of almost all economic policies were foremost in his calculations...This excellent collection of essays convincingly argues that any examination of South Korea as a model of how a poor country can climb out of poverty needs to factor in the personality of Park Chung Hee and the domestic and international politics of the time.”―Michael J. Seth, The Historian

“This significant work on the Park Chung Hee era is composed of 21 chapters by as many Korean specialists...The work provides an enhanced understanding of the political and economic goals of Park Chung Hee (i.e., rich country and strong military) and the forceful means he was willing to use to achieve these goals. The scope and insightfulness of this collection of essays on this critical period in South Korean history make it a must for undergraduate and graduate library collections on Korea. It is strongly recommended for private collections on Korea as well.”―J. M. Peek, Choice

“Somehow [this] escaped the notice of much of the broader world...This [collection] is superb, as it offers a very detailed and also fairly comprehensive look at the seminal years for South Korean economic growth…Not everyone will want 650 pp. on economic (and other) policy under South Korean autocracy, but if you do this is the book for you.”―Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution

Introduction: The Case for Political History [Byung-Kook Kim]

Part One: Born in a Crisis
1. The May Sixteenth Military Coup [Yong-Sup Han]
2. Taming and Tamed by the United States [Taehyun Kim and Chang Jae Baik]
3. State Building: The Military Junta’s Path to Modernity through Administrative Reforms [Hyung-A Kim]

Part Two: Politics
4. Modernization Strategy: Ideas and Influences [Chung-in Moon and Byung-joon Jun]
5. The Labyrinth of Solitude: Park and the Exercise of Presidential Power [Byung-Kook Kim]
6. The Armed Forces [Joo-Hong Kim]
7. The Leviathan: Economic Bureaucracy under Park [Byung-Kook Kim]
8. The Origins of the Yushin Regime: Machiavelli Unveiled [Hyug Baeg Im]

Part Three: Economy and Society
9. The Chaebol [Eun Mee Kim and Gil-Sung Park]
10. The Automobile Industry [Nae-Young Lee]
11. Pohang Iron & Steel Company [Sang-young Rhyu and Seok-jin Lew]
12. The Countryside [Young Jo Lee]
13. The Chaeya [Myung-Lim Park]

Part Four: International Relations
14. The Vietnam War: South Korea’s Search for National Security [Min Yong Lee]
15. Normalization of Relations with Japan: Toward a New Partnership [Jung-Hoon Lee]
16. The Security, Political, and Human Rights Conundrum, 1974?1979 [Yong-Jick Kim]
17. The Search for Deterrence: Park’s Nuclear Option [Sung Gul Hong]

Part Five: Comparative Perspective
18. Nation Rebuilders: Mustafa Kemal Atat?rk, Lee Kuan Yew, Deng Xiaoping, and Park Chung Hee [Ezra F. Vogel]
19. Reflections on a Reverse Image: South Korea under Park Chung Hee and the Philippines under Ferdinand Marcos [Paul D. Hutchcroft]
20. The Perfect Dictatorship? South Korea versus Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico [Jorge I. Dom?nguez]
21. Industrial Policy in Key Developmental Sectors: South Korea versus Japan and Taiwan [Gregory W. Noble]

Conclusion: The Post-Park Era [Byung-Kook Kim]

Notes
Acknowledgments
List of Contributors
Index of Persons

In 1961 South Korea was mired in poverty. By 1979 it had a powerful industrial economy and a vibrant civil society in the making, which would lead to a democratic breakthrough eight years later. The transformation took place during the years of Park Chung Hee’s presidency. Park seized power in a coup in 1961 and ruled as a virtual dictator until his assassination in October 1979. He is credited with modernizing South Korea, but at a huge political and social cost.

South Korea’s political landscape under Park defies easy categorization. The state was predatory yet technocratic, reform-minded yet quick to crack down on dissidents in the name of political order. The nation was balanced uneasily between opposition forces calling for democratic reforms and the Park government’s obsession with economic growth. The chaebol (a powerful conglomerate of multinationals based in South Korea) received massive government support to pioneer new growth industries, even as a nationwide campaign of economic shock therapy?interest hikes, devaluation, and wage cuts-met strong public resistance and caused considerable hardship.

This landmark volume examines South Korea’s era of development as a study in the complex politics of modernization. Drawing on an extraordinary range of sources in both English and Korean, these essays recover and contextualize many of the ambiguities in South Korea’s trajectory from poverty to a sustainable high rate of economic growth.