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이 책은 세 가지 관점에서 북한 도시들을 다루고 있다. 첫째, 북한 도시의 산업인프라를 다루었으며, 이를 위해 다섯 개의 자료가 개별적으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 북한 도시의 내부구조에 관한 것으로 각 도시의 하위 행정구역 개편자료 검토를 통해서 도시지역의 증감과 도심의 확장 등에 대해서 분석하였다. 마지막으로 북한의 27개 도시에 대한, 각 도시의 특징을 세부적으로 설명하였고 분석하였다.

The present study deals with the cities of North Korea and approaches the research topic from three different angles. One of the angles is of a qualitative nature and the remaining two are quantitative. The first approach deals with the facilities of the cities, especially with industrial plants. Therefore five sources have been investigated separately. The second methodological approach was used to study the structure of the cities of North Korea. The analysis of the data on transformation in the administrative divisions within the cities, answers to questions about the extension or reduction of the urban area and the development of centers within the city. This publication offers information about the 27 North Korean citieswhich either has a useful relevance for the typification of the cities and the elaboration of specific characteristics or can be used for the interpretation and explanation of the results of the quantitative research approaches of the present study. The presentation of the results is divided into two parts. First, the results with regard to interrelations between the cities (population shares, numbers of factories, etc.) are presented. Secondly, each of the 27 cities will be granted a separate chapter, where results are presented from all three approaches. In an appendix (in Korean) all the relevant names concerning North Korean industrial companies units are listed.

이 책은 세 가지 관점에서 북한 도시들을 다루고 있다.
첫째, 북한 도시의 산업인프라를 다루었으며, 이를 위해 다섯 개의 자료가 개별적으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 북한 도시의 내부구조에 관한 것으로 각 도시의 하위 행정구역 개편자료 검토를 통해서 도시지역의 증감과 도심의 확장 등에 대해서 분석하였다. 마지막으로 북한의 27개 도시에 대한, 각 도시의 특징을 세부적으로 설명하였고 분석하였다.

The present study deals with the cities of North Korea and approaches the research topic from three different angles. One of the angles is of a qualitative nature and the remaining two are quantitative. The first approach deals with the facilities of the cities, especially with industrial plants. Therefore five sources have been investigated separately. The second methodological approach was used to study the structure of the cities of North Korea. The analysis of the data on transformation in the administrative divisions within the cities, answers to questions about the extension or reduction of the urban area and the development of centers within the city. This publication offers information about the 27 North Korean citieswhich either has a useful relevance for the typification of the cities and the elaboration of specific characteristics or can be used for the interpretation and explanation of the results of the quantitative research approaches of the present study. The presentation of the results is divided into two parts. First, the results with regard to interrelations between the cities (population shares, numbers of factories, etc.) are presented. Secondly, each of the 27 cities will be granted a separate chapter, where results are presented from all three approaches. In an appendix (in Korean) all the relevant names concerning North Korean industrial companies units are listed.

이 책은 세 가지 관점에서 북한 도시들을 다루고 있다.
첫째, 북한 도시의 산업인프라를 다루었으며, 이를 위해 다섯 개의 자료가 개별적으로 조사되었다. 둘째, 북한 도시의 내부구조에 관한 것으로 각 도시의 하위 행정구역 개편자료 검토를 통해서 도시지역의 증감과 도심의 확장 등에 대해서 분석하였다. 마지막으로 북한의 27개 도시에 대한, 각 도시의 특징을 세부적으로 설명하였고 분석하였다.

Acknowledgements

I. Introduction
I.1. Overview of topics, objectives and methods
I.2. Previous research and sources about the cities of North Korea
I.3. Basic information on provinces and cities in North Korea
I.3.1. Changes in the boundaries of the provinces
I.3.2. Formation, development and resolution of the province independent cities
I.3.3. Backgrounds of the administrative transformations

II. North Korean cities
II.1. The location of North Korean cities and their physical-geographical factors
II.2. Distance from the capital
II.3. The development of the modern Korean city network
II.3.1. Phase 1: The colonial urban system (1910-1945)
II.3.2. Phase 2: The development of inland cities (1945-1967)
II.3.3. Phase 3: Development of the capital region around Pyongyang (1969-1990)
II.3.4. Phase 4: Creation of cities in the periphery as a regional balance (1991-2001)
II.4. Classification according to population, area size, and shares in “urban” population

III. Industrial companies in the cities
III.1. Introductory remarks
III.1.1. Special features of the sources
III.1.2. Approach of presenting the results of research to the industrial companies in the cities
III.1.3. Research limitations and possible sources of error
III.2. KOFC (2010)
III.2.1. Total number of companies
III.2.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.2.3. Important companies
III.2.4. Industries
III.2.5. Conclusion
III.3. MOU (Who’s who in North Korean important institutions and organizations 2012)
III.3.1. Total number of companies
III.3.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.3.3. Important companies
III.3.4. Industries
III.3.5. Conclusion
III.4. IPA (Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture) (2003)
III.4.1. Total number of companies
III.4.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.4.3. Important companies
III.4.4. Industries
III.4.5. Culture
III.4.6. Conclusions
III.5. KCNA (1998-2011)
III.5.1. Total number of companies
III.5.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.5.3. Important companies
III.5.4. Industries
III.5.5. Conclusion
III.6. KIET (Yi Sang-chik, Choe Sin-rim, Yi Sok-ki 1996)
III.6.1. Total number of companies
III.6.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.6.3. Important companies
III.6.4. Industries
III.6.5. Conclusion
III.7. Overall view
III.7.1. Total number of companies
III.7.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.7.3. Important companies
III.7.4. Industries
III.7.5. Results

IV. Profiles of the cities of DPR Korea
IV.1. Methodological Remarks
IV.2. The Profiles of the 27 cities of DPR Korea
IV.2.1. Kanggye
IV.2.2. Huichon
IV.2.3. Manpho
IV.2.4. Sinuiju
IV.2.5. Kusong
IV.2.6. Jongju
IV.2.7. Phyongsong
IV.2.8. Anju
IV.2.9. Kaechon
IV.2.10. Tokchon
IV.2.11. Sunchon
IV.2.12. Pyongyang
IV.2.13. Nampho
IV.2.14. Sariwon
IV.2.15. Songrim
IV.2.16. Kaesong
IV.2.17. Haeju
IV.2.18. Hyesan
IV.2.19. Rason
IV.2.20. Chongjin
IV.2.21. Hoeryong
IV.2.22. Kimchaek
IV.2.23. Hamhung
IV.2.24. Tanchon
IV.2.25. Sinpho
IV.2.26. Wonsan
IV.2.27. Munchon

V. Conclusion
V.1. The cities of North Korea - historical and socio-spatial aspects
V.2. Evalu

Acknowledgements

I. Introduction
I.1. Overview of topics, objectives and methods
I.2. Previous research and sources about the cities of North Korea
I.3. Basic information on provinces and cities in North Korea
I.3.1. Changes in the boundaries of the provinces
I.3.2. Formation, development and resolution of the province independent cities
I.3.3. Backgrounds of the administrative transformations

II. North Korean cities
II.1. The location of North Korean cities and their physical-geographical factors
II.2. Distance from the capital
II.3. The development of the modern Korean city network
II.3.1. Phase 1: The colonial urban system (1910-1945)
II.3.2. Phase 2: The development of inland cities (1945-1967)
II.3.3. Phase 3: Development of the capital region around Pyongyang (1969-1990)
II.3.4. Phase 4: Creation of cities in the periphery as a regional balance (1991-2001)
II.4. Classification according to population, area size, and shares in “urban” population

III. Industrial companies in the cities
III.1. Introductory remarks
III.1.1. Special features of the sources
III.1.2. Approach of presenting the results of research to the industrial companies in the cities
III.1.3. Research limitations and possible sources of error
III.2. KOFC (2010)
III.2.1. Total number of companies
III.2.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.2.3. Important companies
III.2.4. Industries
III.2.5. Conclusion
III.3. MOU (Who’s who in North Korean important institutions and organizations 2012)
III.3.1. Total number of companies
III.3.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.3.3. Important companies
III.3.4. Industries
III.3.5. Conclusion
III.4. IPA (Encyclopedia of North Korean Geography and Culture) (2003)
III.4.1. Total number of companies
III.4.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.4.3. Important companies
III.4.4. Industries
III.4.5. Culture
III.4.6. Conclusions
III.5. KCNA (1998-2011)
III.5.1. Total number of companies
III.5.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.5.3. Important companies
III.5.4. Industries
III.5.5. Conclusion
III.6. KIET (Yi Sang-chik, Choe Sin-rim, Yi S?k-ki 1996)
III.6.1. Total number of companies
III.6.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.6.3. Important companies
III.6.4. Industries
III.6.5. Conclusion
III.7. Overall view
III.7.1. Total number of companies
III.7.2. Total number of companies in relation to population
III.7.3. Important companies
III.7.4. Industries
III.7.5. Results

IV. Profiles of the cities of DPR Korea
IV.1. Methodological Remarks
IV.2. The Profiles of the 27 cities of DPR Korea
IV.2.1. Kanggye
IV.2.2. Huichon
IV.2.3. Manpho
IV.2.4. Sinuiju
IV.2.5. Kusong
IV.2.6. Jongju
IV.2.7. Phyongsong
IV.2.8. Anju
IV.2.9. Kaechon
IV.2.10. Tokchon
IV.2.11. Sunchon
IV.2.12. Pyongyang
IV.2.13. Nampho
IV.2.14. Sariwon
IV.2.15. Songrim
IV.2.16. Kaesong
IV.2.17. Haeju
IV.2.18. Hyesan
IV.2.19. Rason
IV.2.20. Chongjin
IV.2.21. Hoeryong
IV.2.22. Kimchaek
IV.2.23. Hamhung
IV.2.24. Tanchon
IV.2.25. Sinpho
IV.2.26. Wonsan
IV.2.27. Munchon

V. Conclusion
V.1. The cities of North Korea - historical and socio-spatial aspects
V.2. Evaluation of the quantitative studies of the number of industrial companies
V.2.1. Industrial structure of North Korean cities
V.2.2. Different production capacity in the industrial sectors in North Korea
V.3. Evaluation of the quantitative studies of the internal structure of the cities
V.3.1. Centers and sub-centers of the cities
V.3.2. Disappearance of dong
V.3.3. The emergence of new dong
V.3.4. Phases of the development of urbanization in the DPR Korea
V.3.5. Changes in the “urban” population over time
V.4. Regional development trends in the DPR Korea

Bibliography
Appendix 1. Profiles of the 27 cities of DPR Korea (Contents)
Appendix 2. List of industrial companies in DPR Korea (in Korean)ation of the quantitative studies of the number of industrial companies
V.2.1. Industrial structure of North Korean cities
V.2.2. Different production capacity in the industrial sectors in North Korea
V.3. Evaluation of the quantitative studies of the internal structure of the cities
V.3.1. Centers and sub-centers of the cities
V.3.2. Disappearance of dong
V.3.3. The emergence of new dong
V.3.4. Phases of the development of urbanization in the DPR Korea
V.3.5. Changes in the “urban” population over time
V.4. Regional development trends in the DPR Korea

Bibliography
Appendix 1. Profiles of the 27 cities of DPR Korea (Contents)
Appendix 2. List of industrial companies in DPR Korea (in Korean)