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최근 북한의 핵·WMD 위협은 가중되고 있고, 미국과 중국의 전략적 경쟁은 고조되고 있으며, 또한 주변국 간의 전통적인 갈등도 지속되고 있다. 이러한 위협들은 우리 국방의 범위와 능력 확대를 요구하고 있지만, 내부적으로 국가재정의 악화에 따라 정부 총지출대비 국방예산의 점유율은 지속해서 감소할 것이고, 국방예산 증가율도 과거를 상회하기 어려울 것으로 전망된다. 이를 해결하는 방법의 하나는 국방재원을 배분하는 데 체계성·효과성·효율성을 강조하는 경영의 시각으로 국방을 바라보는 것이다. 本書가 합리적인 국방경영의 시각과 방향을 제시해 줄 것이다.
이를 위해 本書는 국방경영의 개념을 정립하고, 한미의 국방환경분석, 국방조직, 국방예산, 국방기획관리체계, 합동전략기획체계, 소요체계, 획득체계, 합동작전기획 및 시행체계를 비교·분석하여 우리 군의 발전방향을 제시하였다. 특히, 방위사업청의 국방부로 전환 등 주요 국방경영 이슈에 대한 발전방안을 제시하였다.

머리말 / v
1장 국방경영 개관 1
1. 국방경영의 개념 ··········································································································· 3
2. 국방경영의 특징 ··········································································································· 7
3. 국방경영체계의 구성 ·································································································· 11
4. 한미 국방경영체계의 개황 ·························································································· 15
참고문헌 ········································································································································ 20

2장 합동전략기획체계 23
1. 한국 ··························································································································· 25
1.1 합동전략기획체계(JSPS)와 합동참모본부 임무 ㆍ 기능 / 25
1.2 합동전략기획체계(JSPS) 관련 문서 변천 과정 / 28
1.3 합동전략기획과 수립 절차 / 30
1.4 군사전략 / 38
1.5 합동전략기획체계(JSPS)의 관련 문서 관계 / 39
2. 미국 ··························································································································· 41
2.1 합동전략기획체계(JSPS) 및 합참의장 책임 / 41
2.2 합동전략기획체계(JSPS)의 변화 ㆍ 진화과정 / 42
2.3 합동전략기획체계(JSPS) 개요 / 47
2.4 종합합동군사대비태세평가(CJR) / 50
2.5 전략지시와 군사전략 / 53
2.6 전략적 군사대비기획 / 63
2.7 합동전투발전 / 71
2.8 합동개념과 군사력 건설 / 72
2.9 합동 전력소요기획(소요기획, 전력증강) / 86
2.10 세계군사통합(GMI) / 89
2.11 합동전략기획체계 산출물과 문서 관계 / 91
3. 한미 비교 ··················································································································· 96
부록 1: 미군 JSPS 관련 문서 종류(우리 군의 국방기획관리문서와 유사) ···················· 103
참고문헌 ······································································································································ 107

3장 소요체계 111
1. 전력기획 ··················································································································· 113
1.1 바틀렛(Bartlett)의 전력기획 방법론 / 113
1.2 상향식(위협기반)과 하향식(능력기반) 전력기획 / 116
2. 한국 ························································································································· 117
2.1 전력(소요)기획 변화과정 / 117
2.2 합동기획과 능력평가 / 121
2.3 합동전투발전체계(JCDS) / 129
2.4 소요제기 및 결정 / 136
2.5 작전운용성능(ROC) / 145
3. 미국 ························································································································· 149
3.1 전력기획 변화과정(Bottom-Up and Top-Down) / 150
3.2 미국의 RGS(상향식) 및 JCIDS(하향식) 전력기획 비교 / 166
3.3 전력기획 변화에 따른 소요분류 및 주요 문서의 진화 / 167
3.4 합동능력통합개발체계(JCIDS) / 176
3.5 합참의 소요 우선순위 설정 / 227
4. 한미 비교 ················································································································· 229
부록 1 : 위협 ㆍ 대응 시나리오 형식 ·············································································· 238
참고문헌 ······································································································································ 242

4장 획득체계 247
1. 한국 ························································································································· 249
1.1 획득개념 / 249
1.2 획득체계 관련 변화 / 249
1.3 획득조직 / 268
1.4 소요와 획득 관계와 획득사업 구분 / 271
1.5 무기체계와 전력지원체계 획득절차 / 272
1.6 국방연구개발 개념 및 획득모델 / 280
1.7 일반 무기체계 획득모델 / 284
1.8 한국산 우선 획득제도, 신속획득, 국방과학기술위원회 / 302
2. 미국 ························································································································· 312
2.1 획득개념 / 312
2.2 획득체계 개혁ㆍ개선 현황(1960~현재) / 315
2.3 획득조직 및 임무 / 331
2.4 획득사업구분(ACAT) 및 획득단계결정자(MDA) / 338
2.5 획득모델 개요 / 344
2.6 긴급, 신속, 소프트웨어, 상용/정부, 근무지원 획득모델 / 347
2.7 일반획득모델 / 361
2.8 소요와 획득의 연계 / 371
2.9 사업성과관리 및 비용관리 제도 / 373
3. 한미 비교 ················································································································· 385
3.1 일반사항 / 385
3.2 신속획득을 위한 한미 환경 분석 / 395
부록 1 : 미군 획득모델 주요 변천(1971~2015) ························································· 397
부록 2 : 미군 신속획득(MTA) 사업 개요(2021년 기준) ··············································· 399
참고문헌 ······································································································································ 406

5장 합동작전기획 및 시행체계 413
1. 지휘체제 및 연합방위체제 ························································································ 415
1.1 지휘체제 / 415
1.2 한미동맹과 연합방위체제 / 420
1.3 한미연합군사령부 ㆍ 주한미군사령부 ㆍ 유엔군사령부 / 423
2. 합동작전기획 ············································································································ 429
2.1 개요 / 429
2.2 합동작전기획단(JPG) / 431
2.3 합동작전기획의 산출물 / 432
2.4 합동작전기획 관련 주요 기준시간 / 439
3. 한미 합동작전기획 및 시행체계 ················································································ 441
3.1 개요 / 441
3.2 시행기구 / 442
3.3 한국 / 443
3.4 미국 / 445
4. 작전구상과 요소 ······································································································· 451
4.1 개요 / 451
4.2 방법론 및 절차 / 453
4.3 작전구상 요소 / 457
4.4 단계화 / 469
5. 합동작전계획수립절차 ······························································································· 471
5.1 일반절차 / 471
5.2 연합작전계획수립절차 / 484
6. 작전평가 ··················································································································· 500
6.1 개요 / 500
6.2 작전평가 수행 절차 / 501
6.3 평가요소 개발 / 502
6.4 합참 작전평가 / 507
6.5 연합사 작전평가 / 507
7. 한반도 작전계획 ㆍ 작전기획 변천 ··············································································· 510
7.1 전면전 작전계획 변천 / 510
7.2 작전기획체계 변천 및 작전계획수립 / 513
8. 한미 비교 ················································································································· 517
참고문헌 ······································································································································ 527

색인 / 531
영어 약어 / 541

최근 북한의 핵ㆍWMD 위협은 가중되고 있고, 미국과 중국의 전략적 경쟁ㆍ갈등은 고조되고 있으며, 또한 주변국 간의 전통적인 갈등도 지속되고 있다. 반면에 우리 내부적으로는 국가재정이 상당 규모의 국가채무와 이의 빠른 증가 추세, 의무지출 확대 등으로 어려울 상황이다. 이에 따라 국가 총예산 중 국방예산의 점유율은 지속해서 감소할 것이고, 국방예산 증가율도 과거보다 상향되기는 어려운 것으로 전망된다.
이러한 국방의 범위ㆍ능력 확대 필요성과 국방예산 여건의 악화 가능성은 상호 간 상충하는 현상이라 할 수 있고, 이 상충성을 극복하는 방법 중의 하나는 국방재원을 좀 더 합리적으로 배분하는 것이라 할 수 있다. 즉, 기업경영과 같이 이윤을 추구하는 것은 아니나, 국방재원을 배분하는 데 체계성ㆍ효과성ㆍ효율성을 강조하는 경영의 시각으로 국방을 바라보는 것이다.