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【특징】
본 수험서는 환경직공무원 및 환경연구사 시험대비 ‘환경공학‘ 현장강의를 연중 진행하고 있는 평혜림 교수가 제작한 전문 수험서입니다. 실제 공무원시험에 꾸준한 응시를 통해 최신 경향을 수험서에 적극 반영하고 있으며 많은 합격자가 적극 추천하는 강의, 교재를 제공하고 있습니다.

1. 환경공학은 산업발달과 인간의 활동 등에 의해 발생하는 오염으로부터 인간의 안전과 건강을 보호하기 위해 주변 생활환경 및 자연환경의 질을 개선하고 유지하기 위한 학문.
2. 환경문제와 관련된 현상과 그 해결을 위한 기본기술이 매우 광범위하므로 폭넓은 지식이 요구
3. 수질환경, 대기환경에 대한 이론 및 문제를 환경공학 1권 폐기물처리, 토양환경, 소음·진동 대한 이론 및 문제를 환경공학 2권으로 구성
4. 실력점검을 위한 적중문제 수록, 관련이론을 빠르고 쉽게 정리하여 숙지할 수 있도록 구성
5. 누구도 알려주지 않는 시험관련 꿀 팁을 교재 내 QR 코드로 수록
6. 환경공학에 관계하는 여러 법규들을 부록으로 실어 법령 확인을 용이하게 구성함으로써 시험대비 효율성을 높임
7. 환경공학과목에서 수질환경, 대기환경, 폐기물처리, 토양환경, 소음ㆍ진동에 대한 이론 및 적중 문제를 수록, 수험생들이 관련이론을 정리하고, 숙지할 수 있도록 구성
8. 환경공학 과목에 여러 법규들이 관계. 물환경보전법, 대기환경보전법 등의 법령이 변경될 경우를 대비하여 시험일자 전에 별도의 법령변경에 대해서 카페 또는 홈페이지(진통카페명, 학원홈페이지)에 업데이트를 할 예정

PART 01 수질 환경

CHAPTER 01 수질오염 개론 ··············································································· 13
01 기초단위환산 ······················································13
1. 기초단위 / 13 2. 기초물리량 / 14
3. 기초단위개념 / 16 4. 농도 / 17
5. pH(수소이온농도지수) / 18 6. 산과 염기의 중화반응 / 18
▶ 적중문제 / 19
02 수자원 및 물의 특성 ···············································23
1. 물의 특성 / 23 2. 수자원 분포 및 특성 / 24
3. 수자원 종류 및 특징 / 25
▶ 적중문제 / 34
03 수질오염 ·························································51
1. 오염원의 종류 / 51 2. 수질오염물질 / 53
▶ 적중문제 / 61
04 물질순환 ·························································65
1. 물의 순환 / 65 2. 탄소순환 / 65
3. 질소순환 / 67 4. 인의 순환 / 70
5. 황의 순환 / 70 6. 에너지 흐름 / 71
▶ 적중문제 / 73
05 반응속도 ·························································78
1. 반응속도(Reaction rate) / 78 2. 세포의 비증식속도 / 79
3. 반응조 / 80
▶ 적중문제 / 83
06 수질오염지표 ·····················································87
1. DO(Dissolved Oxygen, 용존산소) / 87
2. BOD(Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 생물화학적 산소요구량) / 88
3. COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand, 화학적 산소요구량) / 92
4. 기타 유기물 표현지수 / 96 5. 부유물질(SS ; Suspended Solid) / 97
6. 경도(Hardness) / 98 7. 알칼리도(Alkalinity) / 101
8. 콜로이드(Colloid) / 104 9. 총대장균군 / 105
10.탁도 / 112 11. 색도 / 113
▶ 적중문제 / 114
07 수질생물학 ······················································130
1. 미생물의 분류 / 130 2. 미생물의 종류 / 131
3. 수인성 전염병(water-borne infection) / 134 4. 지표생물 / 136
▶ 적중문제 / 137
08 수질환경화학 ·····················································144
1. 용해도 / 144 2. 화학반응 / 146
3. 완충작용 / 147
▶ 적중문제 / 148
09 수자원관리 ······················································152
1. 하천수의 수질관리 / 152 2. 호소수의 수질관리 / 159
3. 해역의 수질관리 / 163
▶ 적중문제 / 165

CHAPTER 02 수질오염 방지기술 ······································································ 178
01 폐수처리 계통 ····················································178
1. 물리ㆍ화학ㆍ생물학적 처리 / 178 2. 단위공정 기술의 단계별 처리순서 / 180
3. 물환경보전법상 수질오염방지시설 / 180 4. 도시 하수처리 계통도 / 181
▶ 적중문제 / 183
02 물리적 처리 ·····················································186
1. 스크리닝(Screening) / 186 2. 침사지 / 187
3. 파쇄장치 / 190 4. 유량조정조 / 190
5. 침전지 / 192 6. 부상조 / 196
7. 여과 / 197 8. 막여과(membrane filtration) / 203
▶적중문제 / 208

03 화학적 처리 ·····················································216
1. 화학적 처리(Chemical treatment) / 216 2. 중화법 / 216
3. 화학적 응집침전(Coagulation) / 217 4. 환원처리 / 226
5. 산화법 / 227 6. 흡착 / 230
7. 이온교환(ion exchange) / 235 8. 소독 / 238
9. 염소소독 / 240 10. 기타 소독방법 / 246
▶ 적중문제 / 258
04 생물학적 처리 ····················································277
1. 생물학적 처리 / 277 2. 표준활성슬러지법(재래식 활성슬러지법) / 281
3. 활성슬러지 변법 / 290 4. 생물막법 / 300
5. 산화지 / 309 6. 혐기성 처리 / 312
7. 혐기성 반응조의 종류 / 315 8. 슬러지 처리 / 322
▶ 적중문제 / 330
05 고도처리 ························································356
1. 고도처리 / 356 2. 질소 고도처리 / 357
3. 인 고도처리 / 360 4. 질소, 인 동시제거 / 365
▶ 적중문제 / 370

CHAPTER 03 상하수도 ····················································································· 379
01 상수도공학 ······················································379
1. 기본계획 / 379 2. 수원 및 집수시설 / 381
3. 취수시설 / 382 4. 도수시설(송수시설과 비슷) / 385
5. 정수시설 / 386 6. 송수시설 / 391
7. 배수시설 / 392
8. 급수시설(상수의 급수관 매설심도：일반적으로 60cm 이상) / 394
02 하수도 공학 ·····················································394
1. 기본계획 / 394 2. 관거시설 / 398
3. 펌프장시설 / 401 4. 하수처리시설 / 407
▶ 적중문제 / 410

CHAPTER 04 공정시험기준 ··············································································· 419
1. 총칙 / 419 2. 시료의 채취 및 보존방법 / 421
3. 유량측정방법 / 425 4. 시료의 전처리방법 / 432

CHAPTER 05 수질관련법규 ··············································································· 433
1. 환경정책기본법 시행령 / 433
2. 먹는물 수질기준 및 검사 등에 관한 규칙 / 439
3. 지하수의 수질보전 등에 관한 규칙 / 442
4. 물환경보전법 / 443


PART 02 대기 환경
CHAPTER 01 대기오염 개론 ············································································· 457
01 대기오염의 특성 ··················································457
1. 대기오염의 정의 / 457 2. 대기오염의 원인 / 458
3. 대기오염의 영향인자 / 458
02 대기오염원의 현황 ················································459
1. 대기오염물질 배출원 / 459 2. 대기오염물질의 분류 / 460
03 입자상 물질 ·····················································461
1. 입자상 물질의 정의와 분류 / 461 2. 입자상 물질의 특징 / 463
3. 인체에 미치는 영향 / 464
▶ 적중문제 / 465
04 가스상 물질 ·····················································467
1. 황산화물(SOX) / 467 2. 질소산화물(NOX) / 469
3. 이산화탄소(CO2) / 471 4. 일산화탄소(CO) / 472
5. 탄화수소(HC) / 473 6. VOCs(휘발성유기화합물) / 473
7. 다환방향족탄화수소류(PAHs；Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) / 479
8. 광화학 옥시던트(Photochemical Oxidants) / 481
9. 암모니아(NH3) / 482 10. 염소 및 그 화합물 / 483
11. 폼알데하이드(HCHO, CH2O) / 483 12. 벤젠(C6H6) / 484
13. 브로민(Bromine, Br2) / 484 14. 불소 및 그 화합물 / 485
15. 오존(O3) / 485
▶/적중문제 / 495
05 중금속 및 기타 오염물질 ···········································500
1. 납(Pb) / 500 2. 크롬(Cr) / 500
3. 카드뮴(Cd) / 501 4. 수은(Hg) / 501
5. 비소(As) / 502 6. 기타 오염물질 / 503
7. 라돈(Rn) / 504 8. 석면 / 505
9. 다이옥신(Dioxin) / 506
▶적중문제 / 511
06 대기오염사건 ·····················································516
1. 대기오염의 역사 / 516 2. 역사적인 대기오염사건 / 516
3. 런던 스모그와 LA 스모그 비교 / 518 4. 환경 관련 협약 / 519
5. 스모그(smog) / 525
▶적중문제 / 530
07 자동차오염 ······················································535
1. 자동차 배출가스 / 535
2. 자동차의 AFR에 따른 배출가스 오염물질의 농도 / 537
3. 자동차 연료별 특징 / 537 4. 디젤자동차의 특징 / 539
5. 배출가스 방지기술 / 540 6. 기타 자동차의 종류 / 541
▶ 적중문제 / 544
08 실내공기오염 ····················································546
1. 실내공기오염의 종류 / 546 2. 대표적 실내오염물질 / 547
3. 실내공기질 관리법 / 547
▶ 적중문제 / 551
09 미기상학 ························································554
1. 대기의 성질 / 554 2. 대기층의 구조 / 555
3. 대기의 상태 / 557 4. 대기의 안정도 판정 / 558
5. 기온역전 / 560 6. 역전에 따른 플룸(plume)형태 / 563
7. 장애물에 의한 플룸 형태 / 565 8. 유효굴뚝높이(He) / 566
9. 최대혼합고(MMD；Maximum Mixing Depth) / 567
10.대기오염물질의 분산 / 568 11. 시정거리(가시거리) / 569
10 대기확산모델 ····················································571
1. 대기확산모델 / 571 2. 대기오염모델의 구성 / 571
3. 확산식의 기초(Fick’s 확산법칙) / 572 4. 대기오염모델의 종류 / 573
5. 상자모델 / 574 6. 가우시안(Gaussian) 모델 / 575
7. 3차원 수치모델(통계모델)；Lagrangian, Eulerian 모델 등 / 577
8. 기타 모델 / 577 9. 유체모형실험(물리적 모델) / 579
10.모델의 활용현황 및 개선방향 / 579
11 바람 ···························································580
1. 바람에 작용하는 힘 / 580 2. 바람의 종류 / 580
3. 해륙풍과 산곡풍 / 581
▶ 적중문제 / 582

CHAPTER 02 연소공학 ····················································································· 593
1. 연소이론 / 593 2. 연료이론 / 597
3. 발열량(發熱量, heating value) / 602 4. 연소계산 / 605
5. 연소장치 및 시설 / 609 6. 소각로 / 610
7. 통풍 및 통풍방식 / 614 8. 국소배기시설 / 615
▶ 적중문제 / 621

CHAPTER 03 대기오염방지기술 ········································································ 631
01 집진장치 ························································631
1. 집진장치 설계 시 고려인자 / 631 2. 집진장치의 종류 및 특성 / 634
3. 중력집진장치 / 635 4. 관성력 집진장치 / 636
5. 원심력 집진장치(cyclone) / 638 6. 세정집진장치 / 642
7. 여과집진장치(Bag House, Bag Filter) / 647
8. 전기집진장치(Electrostatic Precipitator) / 652
9. 집진장치의 집진효율 / 657
▶ 적중문제 / 659
02 유해가스방지기술 ·················································668
1. 유해가스 처리기술 / 668 2. 흡수법 / 669
3. 흡착법 / 675 4. 연소법 / 678
5. 황산화물 방지기술 / 679 6. 질소산화물의 제어 / 683
▶ 적중문제 / 689

PART 03 폐기물관리 및 처리기술

CHAPTER 01 폐기물 관리 ·················································································· 13
1. 폐기물의 정의 및 분류 / 13 2. 지정폐기물 / 16
3. 의료폐기물의 종류 / 21
▶ 적중문제 / 22

CHAPTER 02 폐기물 발생 ·················································································· 27
1. 폐기물의 발생 / 27 2. 폐기물의 성상 / 30
3. 폐기물 발생량 예측방법 / 30 4. 폐기물 발생량 측정방법 / 31
5. 폐기물 발생량 영향인자 / 32
▶ 적중문제 / 33

CHAPTER 03 폐기물의 성상 및 분석 ·································································· 39
1. 폐기물 시료채취 / 39 2. 폐기물의 물리화학적 조성분석 / 42
3. 폐기물발열량 / 43 4. 슬러지 / 45
▶ 적중문제 / 46

CHAPTER 04 폐기물 관리계통 ············································································ 53
1. 폐기물 처리계통 및 수거 / 53 2. 적환장 설계 및 운전관리 / 57
3. 청소상태 평가방법 / 59
▶ 적중문제 / 61

CHAPTER 05 폐기물 관련정책 및 제도 ······························································ 65
1. 폐기물관리정책 / 65 2. 폐기물관리제도 / 70
▶ 적중문제 / 80

CHAPTER 06 폐기물의 자원화 ············································································ 85
1. 자원화 효과 및 저해요소 / 85 2. 자원화 분류 / 85
3. 퇴비화 / 86 4. RDF(Refuse Derived Fuel) / 92
5. 열분해(Pyrolysis) / 94
▶적중문제 / 99

CHAPTER 07 유해폐기물의 중간처리 ································································ 110
1. 압축 / 110 2. 파쇄 / 111
3. 선별 / 115 4. 소각 / 123
5. 안정화 및 고형화 / 128
▶ 적중문제 / 132

CHAPTER 08 폐기물의 최종처리 ······································································ 145
1. 매립지 선정 / 145 2. 매립방법의 분류 / 147
3. 매립방법에 따른 분류 및 특징 / 147 4. 매립구조에 따른 분류 및 특징 / 149
5. 매립공법에 따른 분류 및 특징 / 152 6. 폐기물 종류에 의한 분류 / 156
7. 매립으로 인한 환경변화 / 156 8. 침출수 / 161
9. 매립지 안정화 / 163 10. 매립의 장단점 / 164
11. 매립지의 주요 구조물 및 시설 / 164 12. 복토 / 168
▶ 적중문제 / 169
CHAPTER 09 폐기물 관련 법규 ········································································ 190
1. 총칙 / 190
2. 폐기물 처리에 관한 구체적 기준 및 방법 / 197
3. 폐기물 처분시설 또는 재활용시설의 설치기준 / 216
▶ 적중문제 / 231

PART 04 토양 환경과 지하수 오염

CHAPTER 01 토양 환경 ···················································································· 237
01 토양 오염 ·······················································237
1. 토양의 구조 및 성분 / 237 2. 토양 부식물질(Humic Substance) / 241
02 토양의 특성 ·····················································244
1. 토양 내 무기물질 / 244
2. 양이온교환용량(CEC；Cation Exchange Capacity) / 245
3. 염기포화도 / 246 4. 산화환원전위(ORP) / 247
5. 토양 공극률(Porosity, %) / 247 6. 토양수분 / 248
7. 토양공기 / 249 8. 토양의 생성작용 / 249
9. 점토광물 / 250
03 토양오염 ························································254
1. 토양오염 / 254 2. 토양오염 관련법규 / 257
04 토양오염 처리대책 및 기술 ·········································264
1. 토양의 복원처리 / 264 2. 복원기술의 분류 / 265
3. 물리ㆍ화학적 복원기술 / 268 4. 생물학적 복원기술 / 276
5. 열적 복원기술 / 287 6. 토양오염복원기술의 정리 / 293

CHAPTER 02 지하수 오염 ················································································ 302
01 지하수 개요 ·····················································302
1. 지하수의 구조 / 302 2. 수리지질 특성 인자 / 303
3. 지하수 유동 / 305
4. 지하수 오염물질(NAPL；Non Aqueous Phase Liquid) / 307
02 지하수 복원기술 ··················································308
1. 양수처리법(Pump and Treat Technology) / 308
2. 공기분사법(Air-sparging) / 309
3. 슬러리월 공법[Slurry wall, 수직차단벽법(Vertical barriers)] / 311
4. 투수성 반응벽체 공법(permeable reactive barrier；PRB) / 311
5. Bioreactors / 312
6. 공기탈기법(Air-stripping) / 313
7. 생물학적 정화(Bioremediation) / 313
8. 바이오슬러핑(Bioslurping) / 313
9. 자외선 산화 / 314
10. Extraction well 공법 / 314
11. Collection trench 공법 / 314
▶ 적중문제 / 315


PART 05 소음ㆍ진동
CHAPTER 01 소음학 개론 ················································································ 337
1. 소음의 물리적 성질 / 337 2. 소리의 성질 / 343
3. 소음관련법칙 / 348 4. 음의 크기에 영향을 주는 물리량 / 349
5. 소음의 크기 표현 / 350 6. 감각적 음의 크기 / 352
7. 소음계의 구조 / 357 8. 음(소음)의 발생과 특성 / 358
9. 소음의 거리감쇠 / 360 10. 청각의 전달경로 및 귀의 구조별 역할 / 363
11. 소음의 계산 / 364
▶ 적중문제 / 365

CHAPTER 02 소음대책 ····················································································· 383
1. 음의 분류 / 383 2. 음의 3요소 / 384
3. 소음공해 / 387 4. 소음의 평가 / 391
5. 소음방지 / 397
▶ 적중문제 / 405

CHAPTER 03 진동학 개론 ················································································ 417
1. 진동의 물리적 성질 / 417 2. 공해진동의 크기 표현 / 418
3. 진동측정기기 / 420 4. 진동의 종류 / 422
5. 강제진동의 발생원인 / 424 6. 진동의 영향 및 피해 / 425
▶ 적중문제 / 427

CHAPTER 04 방진대책 ····················································································· 433
1. 방진(Vibration Control) / 433 2. 진동방지 대책 / 434
3. 진동방지계획 및 진행방법 / 437 4. 방진재 / 437
5. 방진설계 / 440
▶ 적중문제 / 442

CHAPTER 05 용어정리 ····················································································· 450
1. 소음 용어 / 450 2. 진동 용어 / 451


PART 부록 환경관계 법규
CHAPTER 01 환경정책기본법 ············································································ 455

CHAPTER 02 수질관련 법규 ············································································· 463
1. 물환경보전법 / 463
2. 지하수의 수질보전 등에 관한 규칙 / 489
3. 먹는물 수질기준 / 490

CHAPTER 03 대기관련 법규 ············································································· 493

CHAPTER 04 대기오염관련 법규 ······································································ 499
1. 미세먼지 저감 및 관리에 관한 특별법 / 499
2. 신에너지 및 재생에너지 개발ㆍ이용ㆍ보급 촉진법 / 503
3. 저탄소 녹색성장 기본법 / 505
4. 악취방지법 / 508

CHAPTER 05 폐기물관련 법규 ·········································································· 510

CHAPTER 06 소음ㆍ진동관련 법규 ··································································· 512
ㆍ참고자료 / 522