추가 적립 안내

시인이자 사상가인 무하마드 이끄발 (Muhammad Iqbal, 1877-1938)은 영국 식민치하 인도에서 애국심을 고취시킨 민족 시인이자 이슬람교도를 위해 이상향을 제시한 사상가로 파키스탄에서 정신적인 아버지로 추앙된다. 이끄발은 우르두어와 페르시아어로 엮은 여러 권의 시집을 통해 주옥같은 시들을 발표하였다. 그의 문학세계에는 식민지 인도의 시대상과 시인 자신의 철학과 사상이 투영되어 있다.

머리말_ 5

1부 1905년 이전 _ 11
히말라야 ························································· 13
미르자 갈립 ·································································· 27
초와 나방 ···································································· 37
강의 물결 ·························································· 45
고통의 그림 ······································································· 53
인도의 노래 ···································································· 61
반딧불 ···························································· 71
새벽의 별 ····················································· 85
새로운 신전 ························································ 95
라비 강가에서 ················································· 105

2부 1905년에서 1908년까지_ 113
아름다움의 실상 ································· 115
새벽별 ············································································ 123
별들의 회합 ····················································· 131
달과 별들 ························································ 139
인간 자연의 이 무정함이 어이없네 ······································ 149

3부 1908년 이후 _ 157
별 ······················································· 159
인간 ········································································· 167
불평 ·················································································· 175
불평에 대한 답변 ··························································· 189
별들 너머에는 세상이 더 있지 ······································· 203

작가와 작품세계_ 209

아름다움의 실상

아름다움이 신에게 어느날 질문했어요
당신은 왜 나를 세상에서 사라지는 존재로 만들었나요

대답은 이랬어요 세상은 화랑이라네
세상은 실재하지 않는 천일야화라네

그것이 변화의 색상으로 이루어질 때
아름다움이 되고, 하여 아름다움의 실상은 소멸이네

어딘가 가까이 있던 달님이 이 대화를 들었어요
하늘에 널리 퍼졌어요, 새벽별이 들었어요

새벽이 별님한테 듣고 이슬에게 들려줬어요
이슬은 하늘의 이야기를 땅의 친구에게 전달했어요

꽃은 이슬의 말을 듣고 눈물을 글썽였어요
꽃봉우리의 어린 가슴은 비통에 절명했어요

꽃의 계절이 울면서 정원을 떠났어요
소풍 왔던 청춘은 슬픔에 빠졌어요

<아름다운 실상>은 아름다움의 유한성에 대한 슬픔이 배어있는 비가적 송시이다. 실상이 새벽별, 이슬, 꽃봉오리, 꽃의 계절, 청춘으로 순차적으로 전이되는 과정은 슬픔을 배가시키는 데에 그치지 않고 생멸의 이치, 자연의 순환, 시간의 흐름을 표현한다. 새벽에 별이 지면 이슬이 맺히고, 이슬의 물기를 머금고 꽃봉오리가 피어나고, 꽃봉오리가 떨어져 개화하고, 개화하며 꽃이 만발하는 계절이 되니 유한성은 또 다른 유한성으로 이어지는 우주순환의 이치를 깨닫게 한다. 작가는 아름다움의 유한성에 대한 슬픔을 억눌린 어조로 읊조리면서도 유한성에는 역설적으로 무한성의 아름다움이 깃들어 있음을 암시한다고 볼 수 있다.